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A. A solidified lava flow containing zircon mineral crystals is present in a sequence of rock layers that are exposed in a hillside. A mass spectrometer analysis was used to count the atoms of uranium-235 and lead-207 isotopes in zircon samples from the lava flow. The analysis revealed that 71% of the atoms were uranium-235, and 29% of the atoms were lead-207. Refer to Figure 8.10 to help you answer the following questions. 1. About how many half-lives of the uranium-235 to lead-207 decay pair have elapsed in the zircon crystals?. 2. What is the absolute age of the lava flow based on its zircon crystals? Show your calculations. 3. What is the age of the rock layers beneath the lava flow? 4. What is the age of the rock layers above the lava flow?

A. A solidified lava flow containing zircon mineral crystals is present in a sequence of rock layers that are exposed in a hillside. A mass spectrometer analysis was used to count the atoms of uranium-235 and lead-207 isotopes in zircon samples from the lava flow. The analysis revealed that 71% of the atoms were uranium-235, and 29% of the atoms were lead-207. Refer to Figure 8.10 to help you answer the following questions. 1. About how many half-lives of the uranium-235 to lead-207 decay pair have elapsed in the zircon crystals?. 2. What is the absolute age of the lava flow based on its zircon crystals? Show your calculations. 3. What is the age of the rock layers beneath the lava flow? 4. What is the age of the rock layers above the lava flow?

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter19: The Nucleus: A Chemist's View
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SOME ISOTOPES USED FOR RADIOMETRIC DATING Daughter Isotope (D) Half-Lives (T½) Useful Dating Range Parent Isotope (P) Materials Dated Newly formed crystal Uranium-238 4.5 billion years Zircon 713 million years Zircon Lead-206 ages > 10 m.y. 100 Uranium-235 Lead-207 ages > 10 m.y. 0000000o o00000 15.9% decayed to daughter Potassium-40 Argon-40 Biotite, muscovite, whole volcanic rock 1.3 billion years ages > 50,000 yr Shells, limestone, organic materials ages 100-60,000 yr Carbon-14 Nitrogen-14 5730 years 84.1 29.3% decayed 70.7 Parent Atoms (P) 000000000e 50% decayed RADIOACTIVE DECAY 50.0 Daughter Atoms (D) 25.0 75% decayed 87.5% decayed 12.5 93.8% decayed 96.9% decayed 6.2 3.1 14 2 3 4 5 6 Half-Lives (T1) Elapsed DECAY PARAMETERS FOR ALL RADIOACTIVE DECAY PAIRS Percent of Parent Atoms (P) Percent of Daughter Atoms (D) Half-Lives Elapsed Age 0.000 x T 0.015 x T 0.031 x Ty 0.062 x Ty 0.125 x T 0.250 x T 0.500 x T2 1.000 x Ty2 100.0 0.0 98.9 1.1 1/64 97.9 2.1 1/32 95.8 4.2 1/16 91.7 8.3 1/8 84.1 15.9 1/4 70.7 29.3 1/2 50.0 50.0 1 1'½ 1.500 x T, 2.000 x T 3.000 x T 4.000 x Ty 5.000 x Ty2 35.4 64.6 25.0 75.0 2 12.5 87.5 3 6.2 93.8 4 3.1 96.9 Percent of Parent (P) Atoms Remaining
Transcribed Image Text:SOME ISOTOPES USED FOR RADIOMETRIC DATING Daughter Isotope (D) Half-Lives (T½) Useful Dating Range Parent Isotope (P) Materials Dated Newly formed crystal Uranium-238 4.5 billion years Zircon 713 million years Zircon Lead-206 ages > 10 m.y. 100 Uranium-235 Lead-207 ages > 10 m.y. 0000000o o00000 15.9% decayed to daughter Potassium-40 Argon-40 Biotite, muscovite, whole volcanic rock 1.3 billion years ages > 50,000 yr Shells, limestone, organic materials ages 100-60,000 yr Carbon-14 Nitrogen-14 5730 years 84.1 29.3% decayed 70.7 Parent Atoms (P) 000000000e 50% decayed RADIOACTIVE DECAY 50.0 Daughter Atoms (D) 25.0 75% decayed 87.5% decayed 12.5 93.8% decayed 96.9% decayed 6.2 3.1 14 2 3 4 5 6 Half-Lives (T1) Elapsed DECAY PARAMETERS FOR ALL RADIOACTIVE DECAY PAIRS Percent of Parent Atoms (P) Percent of Daughter Atoms (D) Half-Lives Elapsed Age 0.000 x T 0.015 x T 0.031 x Ty 0.062 x Ty 0.125 x T 0.250 x T 0.500 x T2 1.000 x Ty2 100.0 0.0 98.9 1.1 1/64 97.9 2.1 1/32 95.8 4.2 1/16 91.7 8.3 1/8 84.1 15.9 1/4 70.7 29.3 1/2 50.0 50.0 1 1'½ 1.500 x T, 2.000 x T 3.000 x T 4.000 x Ty 5.000 x Ty2 35.4 64.6 25.0 75.0 2 12.5 87.5 3 6.2 93.8 4 3.1 96.9 Percent of Parent (P) Atoms Remaining
A. A solidified lava flow containing zircon mineral crystals is present in a sequence of rock layers that are exposed in a hillside. A mass spectrometer analysis was used to count the atoms of uranium-235 and lead-207 isotopes in zircon samples from the lava flow. The analysis revealed that 71% of the atoms were uranium-235, and 29% of the atoms were lead-207. Refer to Figure 8.10 to help you answer the following questions. 1. About how many half-lives of the uranium-235 to lead-207 decay pair have elapsed in the zircon crystals? 2. What is the absolute age of the lava flow based on its zircon crystals? Show your calculations. 3. What is the age of the rock layers beneath the lava flow? 4. What is the age of the rock layers above the lava flow?
Transcribed Image Text:A. A solidified lava flow containing zircon mineral crystals is present in a sequence of rock layers that are exposed in a hillside. A mass spectrometer analysis was used to count the atoms of uranium-235 and lead-207 isotopes in zircon samples from the lava flow. The analysis revealed that 71% of the atoms were uranium-235, and 29% of the atoms were lead-207. Refer to Figure 8.10 to help you answer the following questions. 1. About how many half-lives of the uranium-235 to lead-207 decay pair have elapsed in the zircon crystals? 2. What is the absolute age of the lava flow based on its zircon crystals? Show your calculations. 3. What is the age of the rock layers beneath the lava flow? 4. What is the age of the rock layers above the lava flow?
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