a. In a similar study using a sample of n = 9 partici- pants, the individuals who wore the shirt produced an average estimate of M = 6.4 with SS The average number who said they noticed was 3.1. Is the estimate from the participants signifi- cantly different from the actual number? Test the null hypothesis that the true mean is u = 3.1 using %3D = 162. %3D %3D %3D a two-tailed test with a = .05. b. Is the estimate from the participants significantly higher than the actual number (µ = 3.1)? Use a one-tailed test with a = .05. %3D %3D

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.