a. What is the break-even point in bags? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) b. Calculate the profit or loss (EBIT) on 11,000 bags and on 30,000 bags. c. What is the degree of operating leverage at 25,000 bags and at 30,000 bags?
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
Healthy Foods Inc. sells 50-pound bags of grapes to the military for $10 a bag. The fixed costs of this operation are $102,000, while the variable costs of grapes are $0.10 per pound.
a. What is the break-even point in bags? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
b. Calculate the profit or loss (EBIT) on 11,000 bags and on 30,000 bags.
c. What is the degree of operating leverage at 25,000 bags and at 30,000 bags? (Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)
d. If Healthy Foods has an annual interest expense of $12,000, calculate the degree of financial leverage at both 25,000 and 30,000 bags. (Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)
e. What is the degree of combined leverage at both 25,000 and 30,000 bags? (Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)
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