According to Zahavi's Handicap hypothesis, females select for males with seemingly negative characteristics because.... Those males haye fought other males for access to resources needed by females The females know that those males are actually higher quality Survival with those characteristics should be an honest indicator of.male quality
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- Which of the following statements is a reason why females are usually the "choosier" sex? A. They expend fewer resources in caring for their offspring. B. They have higher potential fitness than males. C. They have fewer opportunities to contribute offspring than males. D. They directly compete with each other for mates.On what assumptions Ratio of Males to Females in Humans is determined ?Female spotted sandpipers aggressively court males and, aftermating, leave the clutch of young for the male to incubate. Thissequence may be repeated several times with different males untilno available males remain, forcing the female to incubate her lastclutch. Which of the following terms best describes this behavior?(A) polygyny(B) polyandry(C) promiscuity(D) certainty of paternity
- Which of the following is NOT likely to be a result of a skewed operational sex ratio? A. A goby fish cannibalizing some of its own eggs. B. The extended head of a stalk-eyed fly. C. Female seahorses fighting over egg space in a male’s pouch. D. Male bighorn sheep butting heads.Two male deer compete for access to a female by sparring with their antlers. What type of selection pressure is this? a Intrasexual b IntersexualIn a short essay (at least 10 well-defined sentences) Define Sex and Gender? What is the difference? Why can't we understand sex in terms of female and male or gender in terms of man and woman? Why can't we understand neither sex nor gender as binary? Give and shortly discuss at least 3 specific examples.
- Assume you are studying a lizard that is involved in males displaying to females and females choosing males to mate with. The females will raise the offspring by themselves. Which of the following benefits might females be receiving in this system? a. Direct benefits b. Indirect benefits c. Both a. and b. d. Neither a. nor b.In seahorses, males incubate and care for offspring. Thus, the males are more likely to be tied up in reproduction at any point in time relative to females. Which sex do you predict will be the choosey sex in this species and why? Males -- because fewer are available to mate Males – because male-male competition is incredibly strong Females – because sperm are cheap to produce Female – because the operational sex ratio is biased in their favorIn general, males experience stronger sexual selection than females. -True -False
- Which of these situations offers the lowest “opportunity for selection” for males? A. Females choose mates with a fancy ornament. B. Every female chooses one male to mate with for life. C. Locations that females need access to in order to reproduce are rare. D. Males fight each other for access to groups of females.Compare and contrast female choice and male choice. Explain why sometimes it is thefemale and sometimes it is the male that is choosy. Why should one sex be choosy atall? Provide examples and interpret data.Give three examples of female sexual selection for ornamentation in males and explain how preference for males with these ornaments increases the reproductive success of the female.