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Exercise 11-13 (Algo) Transfer Pricing Situations [LO11-3]
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[The following information applies to the questions displayed below.]
In each of the cases below, assume Division X has a product that can be sold either to outside customers or to Division Y of the same company for use in its production process. The managers of the divisions are evaluated based on their divisional profits.
Case | ||
---|---|---|
A | B | |
Division X: | ||
Capacity in units | 100,000 | 95,000 |
Number of units being sold to outside customers | 100,000 | 74,000 |
Selling price per unit to outside customers | $ 55 | $ 30 |
Variable costs per unit | $ 26 | $ 14 |
Fixed costs per unit (based on capacity) | $ 7 | $ 5 |
Division Y: | ||
Number of units needed for production | 21,000 | 21,000 |
Purchase price per unit now being paid to an outside supplier | $ 50 | $ 28 |
Exercise 11-13 (Algo) Part 1
Required:
1. Refer to the data in case A above. Assume in this case that $3 per unit in variable selling costs can be avoided on intracompany sales.
a. What is the lowest acceptable transfer price from the perspective of the selling division?
b. What is the highest acceptable transfer price from the perspective of the buying division?
c. What is the range of acceptable transfer prices (if any) between the two divisions? If the managers are free to negotiate and make decisions on their own, will a transfer probably take place?
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- General Transfer Pricing Rule Scottsdale Manufacturing is organized into two divisions:Fabrication and Assembly. Components transferred between the two divisions are recorded at a predetermined transfer price. Standard variable manufacturing cost per unit in the Fabrication Divisionis $500. At the present time, this division is working to capacity. Fabrication estimates that the unitsit produces could be sold on the external market for $650. The product under consideration is viewedas a commodity-type product, with no differentiating features or characteristics.Required1. What roles are played by transfer prices? That is, why are transfer prices needed?2. Use the general transfer pricing rule presented in the chapter to determine an appropriate transfer price.Why is the amount you calculated considered an appropriate transfer price?3. What if the Fabrication Division had excess capacity? How would this change the indicated transferprice? Why is the amount you determined considered an…Q7 Consider the following data from two divisions of a company, P and Q: Divisional P Q Sales $ 1,500,000 $ 1,000,000 Operating Income $ 600,000 $ 450,000 Investment $ 4,000,000 $ 2,750,000 If both divisions were presented with an opportunity to invest in a project that is estimated to achieve an ROI of 15%, what will the units likely decide? Multiple Choice Division P will not invest; Division Q will invest. Division P will invest; Division Q will not invest. Neither unit will invest in the projects. Division P will be indifferent; Division Q will not invest. Division P will invest; Division Q will be indifferent.4. If a transfer price of $340 per unit is negotiated, how much would the income from operations of each division and total company income from operations increase? The Semiconductors Division's income from operations would increase by$fill in the blank 75932002afef041_1 The Navigational Systems Division's income from operations would increase by$fill in the blank 75932002afef041_2 Exoplex Industries Inc.'s total income from operations would increase by$fill in the blank 75932002afef041_3 5a. What is the range of possible negotiated transfer prices that would be acceptable for Exoplex Industries Inc.? Any transfer price than the Semiconductors Division’s variable expenses per unit but than the market price would be acceptable. 5b. Assuming that the managers of the two divisions cannot agree on a transfer price, what price would you suggest as the transfer price?$fill in the blank 75932002afef041_6
- Division J makes a product, R, which it sells externally into a perfectly competitive market for £57; this represents a 90% mark-up on standard variable cost. It also transfers product R to Division K. The costs for the external sales include variable selling costs of £1.50 which are not incurred on transfers to Division K. If total external demand for product R exceeds the capacity of Division J, what is the optimal transfer price between divisions for a unit of product R? A) £54.50 B) £55.50 C) £56.72 D) £57.00Division J makes a product, R, which it sells externally into a perfectly competitive market for £57; this represents a 90% mark-up on standard variable cost. It also transfers product R to Division K. If total external demand for product R exceeds the capacity of Division J, what is the optimal transfer price between divisions for a unit of product R? A) £54.50 B) £55.50 C) £56.72 D) £57.00Case 11-26 (Algo) Transfer Pricing; Divisional Performance [LO11-3] Weller Industries is a decentralized organization with six divisions. The company’s Electrical Division produces a variety of electrical items, including an X52 electrical fitting. The Electrical Division (which is operating at capacity) sells this fitting to its regular customers for $8.30 each; the fitting has a variable manufacturing cost of $4.70. The company’s Brake Division has asked the Electrical Division to supply it with a large quantity of X52 fittings for only $6.30 each. The Brake Division, which is operating at 50% of capacity, will put the fitting into a brake unit that it will produce and sell to a large commercial airline manufacturer. The cost of the brake unit being built by the Brake Division follows: Purchased parts (from outside vendors) $ 23.60 Electrical fitting X52 6.30 Other variable costs 14.43 Fixed overhead and administration 8.40 Total cost per brake unit $…
- Question 3 Spark Ltd has two divisions, assembly and electrical. The assembly division transfers partially completed components to the electrical division at a predetermined transfer price. The assembly division’s standard variable production cost per unit is $550. This division has spare capacity, and it could sell all its components to outside buyers at $680 per unit in a perfectly competitive market. Required: Determine a transfer price using the general rule. How would the transfer price change if the assembly division had no spare capacity? What transfer price would you recommend if there was no outside market for the transferred component and the assembly division had spare capacity? How negotiation between the supplying and buying units may be used to set transfer prices. How does this relate to the general transfer pricing rule?33. Seedoy plc's manufacturing division sells all its production to the distribution division, which then sells it externally. Which of the following is most likely to present a problem between the two divisions Agreeing on how authority is delegated within each division Agreeing on how resposibility for production is split between the divisions Agreeing on how resposibility for marketing is split between the divisions Agreeing on a fair transfer price between the divisions. 34. Prestwich Ltd's directors have continued to trade after the point where they should have concluded that insolvent liquidation of the company was inevitable The directors have engaged in market abuse wrongful trading fraudulent trading insider dealingH 3 Assume that the external supplier reduced the selling price to $700 per unit of XT86 to the Products Division. The Components Division reduced the price for external customers to $800, but sales to external customers could be increased only to 45,000 units of XT86. Products Division wants to acquire as many as 20,000 units if the transfer price is acceptable. For simplicity assume that there is no external market for the final 5,000 units of Components Division’s capacity. a) Using the general guideline, what is (are) the minimum transfer price (s) that should lead to the correct economic decision? Ignore performance evaluation considerations. b) What is the range between the minimum and maximum transfer price the managers of component and products divisions can negotiate the final TP?
- General Transfer Pricing Rule; Goal Congruence American Motors Inc. is divided, for performance evaluation purposes, into several divisions. The Automobile Division of American Motorspurchases most of its transmission systems from another unit of the company. The TransmissionDivision’s incremental cost for manufacturing a standard transmission is approximately $1,350 perunit. This division is currently working at 75% of capacity. The current market price for a standardtransmission is approximately $1,875.Required2. Suppose now that American Motors requires that whenever divisions with excess capacity sell their output internally to other divisions of the company, they must do so at the incremental cost of the supplying (producing) division. Evaluate this transfer pricing rule vis-à-vis each of the following objectives:autonomy, goal congruence, performance evaluation of the divisions, and motivation/incentive effects.3. If the two divisions of American Motors were to negotiate a…General Transfer Pricing Rule; Goal Congruence American Motors Inc. is divided, for performance evaluation purposes, into several divisions. The Automobile Division of American Motorspurchases most of its transmission systems from another unit of the company. The TransmissionDivision’s incremental cost for manufacturing a standard transmission is approximately $1,350 perunit. This division is currently working at 75% of capacity. The current market price for a standardtransmission is approximately $1,875.Required2. Suppose now that American Motors requires that whenever divisions with excess capacity sell their output internally to other divisions of the company, they must do so at the incremental cost of the supplying (producing) division. Evaluate this transfer pricing rule vis-à-vis each of the following objectives:autonomy, goal congruence, performance evaluation of the divisions, and motivation/incentive effectsAPPLY THE CONCEPTS: Determining benefits of negotiated transfer price Assume that Selling Division and Buying Division are both owned by Overall Corporation. Selling Division sells a product that is used by Buying Division and outside customers. Selling Division has 18,000 units of excess capacity. Selling Division currently sells the product for $60 per unit and Buying Division currently buys 18,000 units of the product from an outside source for $60 per unit. Variable costs of the product are $12, of which $3 is the cost of selling the product to an outside customer. Using Selling price less avoidable costs as the minimum price, fill in the following formula for the desired transfer price: $fill in the blank 51adeff30f88fa7_1 < transfer price < $fill in the blank 51adeff30f88fa7_2. Using Variable costs as the minimum price, fill in the following formula for the desired transfer price: $fill in the blank 51adeff30f88fa7_3 < transfer price < $fill in the blank…