i)electrical signal to travel for very long distances. How do neurones code for intensity of stimulusAction potentials (APs) are all-or-nothing, nondecremental, electrical potentials that allow anthen?a) by changing the size or amplitude of action potentialsb) by changing the frequency of action potentialsc) by opening ligand-gated ion channelsd) by forming more presynaptic SNARE complex

Action potentials (APs) are all-or-nothing, nondecremental, electrical potentials that allow an electrical signal to travel for very long distances. How do neurones code for intensity of stimulus then? a) by changing the size or amplitude of action potentials b) by changing the frequency of action potentials c) by opening ligand-gated ion channels d) by forming more presynaptic SNARE complex

Action potentials (APs) are all-or-nothing, nondecremental, electrical potentials that allow an electrical signal to travel for very long distances. How do neurones code for intensity of stimulus then? a) by changing the size or amplitude of action potentials b) by changing the frequency of action potentials c) by opening ligand-gated ion channels d) by forming more presynaptic SNARE complex

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter4: Principles Of Neural And Hormonal Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4TAHL: Assume presynaptic excitatory neuron A terminates on a postsynaptic cell near the axon hillock and...

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Assume presynaptic excitatory neuron A terminates on a postsynaptic cell near the axon hillock and presynaptic excitatory neuron B terminates on the same postsynaptic cell on a dendrite located on the side of the cell body opposite the axon hillock. Explain why rapid firing of presynaptic neuron A could bring the postsynaptic neuron to threshold through temporal summation, thus initiating an action potential, whereas firing of presynaptic neuron B at the same frequency and the same magnitude of EPSPs may not bring the postsynaptic neuron to threshold.
Match the receptor in column A with its ligand in column B.
Clostridium tetani toxin blocks the exocytosis of GABA. A. What anatomical part of a pre-synaptic neuron would be affected by this? B. How would a post-synaptic neuron’s likelihood of experiencing an action potential be affected by this toxin? C. Explain, using at least TWO of the following terms: threshold, depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization, summation, IPSP, EPSP, exocytosis
Does the action potential in a single axon increase in amplitude when the stimulus amplitude is increased? Does the amplitude of the CAP increase because more fibers are firing, or the amplitude of the action potentials from single fibers are increasing, or a combination of both?
Why do different cells respond to the same stimulus in different ways? State three potential outcomes of signal transduction events.
View an electron micrograph of a cross-section of a myelinated nerve fiber image below. The axon contains microtubules and neurofilaments, bounded by a plasma membrane known as the axolemma. Outside the plasma membrane of the axon is the myelin sheath, which is composed of the tightly wrapped plasma membrane of a Schwann cell. What aspects of the cells in this image react with the stain that makes them the deep, dark, black color, such as the multiple layers that are the myelin sheath?
What effect would you expect an antagonist that targets the voltage sensing domain of perisynaptic calcium channels of an inhibitory interneuron have on the firing frequency of a finically active neuron that interneuron synapses onto? Explain in details
How would the afferent pathway be affected by exposing this entire neuron to a drug that blocks voltage-gated Ca21 channels?
Unmyelinated axons conduct action potentials without decrement, but when myelinated axons lose myelin in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis, conduction of action potentials is blocked. Why?
What is the function of themyelin sheath? Do all axonspresent a myelin sheath?
What properties of ion channels allow them to generate the large, rapid changes in membrane potential?
Ordinarily, a neuron’s trigger zone is activated before any other part ofan axon, so a wave of action potentials occurs as sodium channelsopen in the direction of the synaptic terminal. What would happen ifyou artificially stimulated an axon to reach threshold potential midwayalong its length rather than at the trigger zone?a. Action potentials would occur in the direction of the synapticterminal.b. No action potentials would occur.c. Action potentials would occur in the direction of the trigger zone.d. Both a and c are correct.