Algae are autotrophs and can have photosynthesis, however, evolutionary evidence suggests that plants shared a common ancestor with only green algae and are closest relatives of Charophytes. What evidences support this statement? How an algal cell is different from fungal cells, even if both are eukaryotes? Why slime mold is a protist not a fungus even if it does not have chloroplast? Reniy

Algae are autotrophs and can have photosynthesis, however, evolutionary evidence suggests that plants shared a common ancestor with only green algae and are closest relatives of Charophytes. What evidences support this statement? How an algal cell is different from fungal cells, even if both are eukaryotes? Why slime mold is a protist not a fungus even if it does not have chloroplast? Reniy

BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305967359

Author:STARR

Publisher:STARR

Chapter20: The Protists

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7SA

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EVOLUTION CONNECTION The fungus-alga symbiosis thatmakes up a lichen is thought to have evolved multiple timesindependently in different fungal groups. However, lichensfall into three well-defined growth forms (see Figure 31.22).How could you test the following hypotheses? Hypothesis 1:Crustose, foliose, and fruticose lichens each represent amonophyletic group. Hypothesis 2: Each lichen growthform represents convergent evolution by taxonomicallydiverse fungi.
Carbon-containing mechanism of plant-like protists occurs in _________NucleusGulletPyrenoidContractile vacuoleUndulating membrane
Some protist lineages arose from secondary endosymbiosis. Howmany membranes would surround the chloroplasts of theseorganisms?a. 0 c. 2b. 1 d. 3 or more
Animal cells have neither cell walls nor chloro-plasts, whereas plant cells have both. Fungal cells aresomewhere in between; they have cell walls but lack chlo-roplasts. Are fungal cells more likely to be animal cells thatgained the ability to make cell walls, or plant cells that losttheir chloroplasts? This question represented a difficultissue for early investigators who sought to assign evolu-tionary relationships based solely on cell characteristicsand morphology. How do you suppose that this questionwas eventually decided?
Some non-plant organisms like the protist that spreads malaria contain a non-photosynthetic chloroplast called an apicoplast. Crazy! What best explains how protists have evolved apicoplasts?
What term best describes the following organisms: some with tetramembraneous chloroplasts, some with hairy flagellae, some with pseudopods; some with cuplike indentations in the cell membrane? a) Excavata. b) SAR. c) Plantae. d) Unikonta. The term protista refers to : a) A kingdom within the superkingom SAR. b) A kingdom within the superkingdom Excavata. c) It is a descriptive term or common name for unicellular, colonial, and some multicellular organisms that lack true tissues. d) A phylum within the Kingdom Metazoa. Which term best describes the following organism: a unicellular (single celled) eukaryote that has a single large mitochondrion, and causes Chagas disease or sleeping sickness. a) Hypermastigophora. b) Diplomonada. c) Algae. d) Trypanosoma. e) Rhizopoda. 4. What term best describes the following organism: a multicellular eukaryote with a chitinous cell wall that is an absorptive heterotroph? a) Fungi. b)…
The morphology of mistletoe mitochondria was suggestive of a loss of function that is not observed in non-parasitic plants. Specifically, the mitochondria of mistletoe as viewed with transmission electron microscopy are deficient in [_________] and devoid of [_____________]. A. Cristae, phospholipid membranes B. Organelle double membrane, Complex 1 C. Cristae, Complex 1 D. Cristae, ribosomes
Chara is an unusual alga. What type of cell division do members of Charophyceae undergo—division with a phycoplast or phragmoplast? What is important about their flagella? Do true plants (especially those with xylem and phloem) have flagella? (Hint: THink sperm cells in ferns and cycads.)
A scientist sequences the genome of Chara, red algae, and a tomato plant. What result would support the conclusion that Charophytes should he included in the F’/amae kingdom? The Chara genome is more similar to the red algae than the tomato plant All three genomes are distinctly different The Chara genome is more similar to the tomato plant genome than the red algae genome The tomato plant genome is distinct from the red algae genome.
How does the life cycle of a typical Red alga (Phylum Rhodophyta) differ from any other life histories covered in the course thus far? Don't forget to highlight these differences by comparing them to the basic types (i.e sporic, gametic, or zygotic meiosis)!
The prtists that causes malaria evolved from a photosynthetic ancestor and has the remnant of a chloroplast. The organelle no longer functions in photosynthesis, but it remains essential to the protist. Why might targeting this organelle yield an antimalarial drug that produces minimal side effects in humans?
Fill in the missing term/s in the analogy (one word only per underline) 1. Gemma cups ______ as ______ antherozoids 2. Algae: ______ as ______ yeast 3. _______ : Ascospore as Basidiomycota: _______ 4. Lichen: ______ as _____: blades 5. Producing spores: _______ as ______ bryophytes