An ____ neurotransmitter causes ____ of the postsynaptic membrane.a. inhibitory . . . depolarizationb.excitatory . . . depolarizationc. inhibitory . . . hyperpolarizationd. Both (b) and (c) are correct.
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An ____ neurotransmitter causes ____ of the postsynaptic membrane.
a. inhibitory . . . depolarization
b.excitatory . . . depolarization
c. inhibitory . . . hyperpolarization
d. Both (b) and (c) are correct.
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- How do neurotransmitters directly affect the postsynaptic neuron? A)They cause a change in the electrical potential, exciting the neuron and causing it to fire b)They cause a change in the electrical potential, either exciting or inhibiting the next neuron. C)They cause a change in the electrical potential, inhibiting the neuron and stopping it from fi d)They connect with the appropriate receptor on the postsynaptic neuronIn which of these ways does a metabotropic synapse differ from an ionotropic synapse? a. Its effects are slower to start and last longer. b. Its effects are faster to start and last longer. c. Its effects are slower to start and briefer in duration. d. Its effects are faster to start and briefer in duration.Contrast the postsynaptic mechanism of excitatory and inhibtory synapses
- Describe how an action potential in a presynaptic neuron causes a) an excitatory postsynaptic potential; or b) an inhibitory postsynaptic potential in a postsynaptic neuronIn the central nervous system there may be many synaptic inputs on a postsynaptic neurons. How does the postsynaptic neuron respond to the many presynaptic inputs?At an electrical synapse, presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes interface through a. neurofibril nodes. b. gap junctions. c. telodendria. d. neurotransmitters.
- During a relative refractory period of an action potential A. Another action potential can be fired, it just takes a greater stimulus for the membrane potential to reach threshold B. Na+ channels are either already open or are inactivated therefore the membrane absolutely can not produce another action potential, no matter how intense the stimulus C. Ca++ flows out of the cell, causing hyperpolarization and a need for a greater stimulus to generate the action potential D. The presynaptic neuron "tells" the postsynaptic neuron about the "relative" strength of signal E. None of the above are correctInhibitory postsynaptic potentials cause what type of change at the post-synaptic membrane?A common feature of action potentials is that they(A) cause the membrane to hyperpolarize and then depolarize.(B) can undergo temporal and spatial summation.(C) are triggered by a depolarization that reaches threshold.(D) move at the same speed along all axons.
- When a postsynaptic neuron is adequately stimulated, action potentials develop at the initial segment of the axon because :-a- it contains many voltage-gated Na + channelsb- it contains the highest concentration of ligand-gated cation channelsc- it contains many voltage-gated Ca ++ channelsd- it is more sensitive to the direct stimulant effect of neurotransmittersIf the postsynaptic cell's plasma membrane were to become substantially more permeable to Na+, you would expect the membrane potential to [depolarize, hyperpolarize] __________________. You would expect the membrane potential to depolarize if the extracellular K+ concentration were to [increase, decrease] ______________. a.) hyperpolarize, decrease b.) depolarize, decrease c.) depolarize, decrease d.) hyperpolarize, increaseTransmission of the nerve impulse across a synapse isaccomplished bya. the release of Na+ at the presynaptic membrane.b. the release of neurotransmitters at the postsynaptic membrane.c. the reception of neurotransmitters at the postsynapticmembrane.d. Both a and c are correct.