An article in the Journal of the American Ceramic Society, "Rapid Hot-Pressing of Ultrafine PSZ Powders" (1991, Vol. 74, pp. 1547-1553) considered the microstructure of the ultrafine powder of partially stabilized zirconia as a function of temperature. The data are shown below x = Temperature (°C) | 1100 1200 1300 1100 1500 1200 1300 y = Porosity (%) 30.8 19.2 6 13.5 11.4 7.7 3.6 Find an estimate of g?
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- An article in the Journal of Applied Polymer Science (Vol. 56, pp. 471–476, 1995) studied the effect of the mole ratio of sebacic acid on the intrinsic viscosity of copolyesters.- The data follows: Viscosity 0.45 0.2 0.34 0.58 0.7 0.57 0.55 0.44 Mole ratio 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 (a) Construct a scatter diagram of the data.A number of studies have shown lichens (certain plants composed of an alga and a fungus) to be excellent bioindicators of air pollution. The article “The Epiphytic Lichen Hypogymnia physodes as a Biomonitor of Atmospheric Nitrogen and Sulphur Deposition in Norway” (Environ. Monitoring Assessment, 1993: 27–47) gives the following data (read from a graph) on x ¼ NO3 wet deposition (g N/m2 ) and y ¼ lichen N (% dry weight): (refer to chart) The author used simple linear regression to analyze the data. Use the accompanying MINITAB output to answer the following questions: a. What are the least squares estimates of b0 and b1? b. Predict lichen N for an NO3 deposition value of .5. c. What is the estimate of s? d. What is the value of total variation, and how much of it can be explained by the model relationship?The following partial JMP regression output for the Fresh detergent data relates to predicting demand for future sales periods in which the price difference will be .10. SE Fit = .165360573, s = .628152. Predicted Demand Lower 95% MeanDemand Upper 95% MeanDemand 31 8.181072245 7.842346262 8.519798229 StdErr IndivDemand Lower 95% IndivDemand Upper 95% MeanDemand 0.649552965 6.850522511 9.511621980 Click here for the Excel Data File (a) Report a point estimate of and a 95 percent confidence interval for the mean demand for Fresh in all sales periods when the price difference is .10. (Round your CI answers to 3 decimal places and other answer to 4 decimal places.) (b) Report a point prediction of and a 95 percent prediction interval for the actual demand for Fresh in an individual sales period when the price difference is .10. (Round your PI answers to 3 decimal places and other answer to 4 decimal places.) (c) StdErr Indiv Demand on…
- Snowpacks contain a wide spectrum of pollutants thatmay represent environmental hazards. The article“Atmospheric PAH Deposition: Deposition Velocitiesand Washout Ratios” (J. of EnvironmentalEngineering, 2002: 186–195) focused on the depositionof polyaromatic hydrocarbons. The authors proposeda multiple regression model for relating depositionover a specified time period (y, in mg/m2) to tworather complicated predictors x1 (mg-sec/m3) and x2 (mg/m2), defined in terms of PAH air concentrations forvarious species, total time, and total amount of precipitation.Here is data on the species fluoranthene andcorresponding Minitab output:obs x1 x2 flth1 92017 .0026900 278.782 51830 .0030000 124.533 17236 .0000196 22.654 15776 .0000360 28.685 33462 .0004960 32.666 243500 .0038900 604.707 67793 .0011200 27.698 23471 .0006400 14.189 13948 .0004850 20.6410 8824 .0003660 20.6011 7699 .0002290 16.6112 15791 .0014100 15.0813 10239 .0004100 18.0514 43835 .0000960 99.7115 49793 .0000896 58.9716 40656…An article in the ASCE Journal of Energy Engineering [“Overview of Reservoir Release Improvements at 20 TVA Dams” (Vol. 125, April 1999, pp. 1–17)] presents data on dissolved oxygen concentrations in streams below 20 dams in the Tennessee Valley Authority system. The observations are (in milligrams per liter):The table below shows (lifetime) peptic ulcer rates (per 100 population), UU, for various family incomes, xx, as reported by the 1989 National Health Interview Survey. Income 4000 6000 8000 12000 16000 20000 30000 45000 60000 Ulcer rate 14.1 13.1 13.8 12.6 11.8 11.7 11.5 9.3 7.6 (a) Find the equation of the regression line. Ulcer rate, U(x)= . (b) Estimate the peptic ulcer rate for an income level of x0= 25000 according to the linear model in part (a). Ulcer rate, U(x0)= .
- A researcher hypothesizes that in a certain country the net annual growth of private sector purchases of government bonds, B, is positively related to the nominal rate of interest on the bonds, NI, and negatively related to the rate of inflation Π: Bt = a0 + a1NIt + a2Π t + ut Note that it may be hypothesized that B depends on the real rate of interest on bonds, R, where R = NI – Π. Using a sample of 56 annual observations, s/he estimates the following equations: (1) Bt = 0.43 + 0.90NIt - 0.97Πt R21 = 0.962, SSR1 = 2.20, QRESET(F1,52) = 16.6 (3.58) (8.80) (-1.05) (2) Bt = 0.44 + 0.94Rt R22 = 0.960, SSR2 = 2.22, QRESET(F1,53) = 0.9 (9.70) (16.7) (3) Bt = 0.44 + 1.14NIt SSR3 = 9.20, QRESET(F1,53) = 59.9 (8.84) (36.1) (4) NIt = 0.08 + 0.94Πt R24 = 0.997, SSR4 = 0.18, QRESET(F1,53) = 1.4…Below you are given a partial Excel output based on a sample of 16 observations. ANOVA df SS MS F Regression 4,853 2,426.5 Residual 485.3 Coefficients Standard Error Intercept 12.924 4.425 x1 -3.682 2.630 x2 45.216 12.560 The interpretation of the coefficient of x1 is that _____. a. a one-unit increase in x1 will lead to a 3.682-unit decrease in y when all other variables are held constant b. a on-unit increase in x1 will lead to a 3.682-unit decrease in x2 when all other variables are held constant c. It is impossible to interpret the coefficient. d. a one-unit change in x1 will lead to a 3.682-unit decrease in yShown below is a portion of a computer output for a linear regression analysis relating an individual's income (y in thousands of dollars) to age (x1 in years), level of education (x2 ranging from 1 to 5), and the individual's gender (x3 where 0 = female and 1 = male). Coefficient Standard Error t-statistic p-value Intercept 15.934 1.389 11.47 0.000 x1 0.625 0.094 6.65 0.000 x2 0.921 0.190 4.85 0.000 x3 –0.510 0.920 –0.55 0.590 Source of Variation Sum of squares Degrees of freedom Mean square F-statistic p-value Regression 84 3 28 4 0.027 Error 112 16 7 Total 196 19 a. Is there a significant relationship between an individual's income and the set of variables, age, level of education, and gender (based on a significance level α =05 )? Explain why using one of the p-values in the output tables. b.Which of the three predictor variables are…
