An experimental composite engine block for an automobile will trim 20 pounds of weight compared with a traditional cast iron engine block. It is estimated that at least $2,500 in life-cycle costs will be saved for every pound of weight reduction over the engine’s 8-year expected life. Given that the engine’s life is 8 years, what assumptions have been made to arrive at the $2,500 per pound savings?
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An experimental composite engine block for an automobile will trim 20 pounds of weight compared with a traditional cast iron engine block. It is estimated that at least $2,500 in life-cycle costs will be saved for every pound of weight reduction over the engine’s 8-year expected life. Given that the engine’s life is 8 years, what assumptions have been made to arrive at the $2,500 per pound savings?
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- In a bio-based material recycling company, the operation managers are considering a twin-screw extruder with a price of 12,000 OMR and another 2,000 OMR will be spent for shipping and installation of the extruder. The estimated net income generated from this machine is 3,500 OMR per year. The extruder will be used for 5 years, and then it will be sold for an estimated market value of 2,500 OMR. The extruder MARCS property class is 5 years. If the effective income tax rate (t) is 40% and the after-tax MARR is 10%. (a) What is the after-tax IRR for this project? (use trial and error procedure and GDS) (b) Should this extruder be purchased by the company?Two processes can be used for producing a polymer that reduces friction loss in engines. Process T will have a first cost of $660,000, an operating cost of $90,000 per year, and a salvage value of $80,000 after its 2-year life. Process W will have a first cost of $1,100,000, an operating cost of $25,000 per year, and a $120,000 salvage value after its 4-year life. Process W will also require updating at the end of year 2 at a cost of $90,000. Which process should be selected on the basis of a present worth analysis at a MARR of 12% per year? The present worth of process T is $− , and the present worth of process W is $− The process selected on the basis of the present worth analysis is process is W or TTwo processes can be used for producing a polymer that reduces friction loss in engines. Process T will have a first cost of $660,000, an operating cost of $90,000 per year, and a salvage value of $80,000 after its 2-year life. Process W will have a first cost of $1,100,000, an operating cost of $25,000 per year, and a $120,000 salvage value after its 4-year life. Process W will also require updating at the end of year 2 at a cost of $90,000. Which process should be selected on the basis of a present worth analysis at a MARR of 12% per year? The present worth of process T is $− , and the present worth of process W is $− The process selected on the basis of the present worth analysis is process is W or T ASAP, Please .
- A low-carbon-steel machine part, operating in a corrosive atmosphere, lasts 8 years and costs $250 installed. If the part is treated for corrosion resistance, it will cost $325 installed. How long must the treated part last to be the preferred alternative, assuming 9% interest?Bailey, Inc., is considering buying a new gang punch that would allow circuit boards to be produced more efficiently. The punch has a first cost of $100,000 and a useful life of 15 years. At the end of its useful life, the punch has no salvage value. Annual labor costs would increase $2,000 using the gang punch, but annual raw material costs would decrease $12,000. MARR is 5%/year. assuming that floor support and vibration dampening must be added for the gang punch. These one-time first costs are estimated to be $35,000. a. What is the present worth of this investment? b. What is the decision rule for judging the attractiveness of investments based on present worth? c. Should Bailey buy the gang punch?An electric motor is rated at 10 horsepower (HP) and costs $800. Its full-load efficiency is specified to be 85%. A newly designed, high-efficiency motor of the same size has an efficiency of 90%, but costs $1,200. It is estimated that the motors will operate at a rated 10-HP output for 1,500 hours a year, and the cost of energy will be $0.07 per kilowatt-hour. Each motor is expected to have a 15-year life. At the end of 15 years, the first motor will have a salvage value of $50, and the second motor will have a salvage value of $100. Consider the MARR to be 8%. (Note: l HP= 0.7457kW.)(a) Determine which motor should be installed based on the PW criterion.(b) What if the motors operated 2,500 hours a year instead of 1,500 hours ayear? Would the motor selected in (a) still be the choice?
- A machine, costing $30,000 to buy and $2.500 per year to operate, will savemainly labor expenses in packaging over seven years. The anticipated salvage value of the machine at the end of seven years is $4,500.(a) If a 12% return on investment (rate of return) is desired, what is the minimum required annual savings in labor from this machine?(b) If the service life is just five years, instead of seven years, what is the minimum required annual savings in labor for the firm to realize a 12% return on investment?(c) If the annual operating cost increases 10%, say, from $2,500 to $2,750, what will happen to the answer to (a)?A mechanical engineer is considering two robots for improving materials handling in the production of rigid shaft couplings that mate dissimilar drive components. Robot X has a first cost of $84,000, an annual maintenance and operation (M&O) cost of $31,000, a $40,000 salvage value, and will improve net revenues by $96,000 per year. Robot Y has a first cost of $146,000, an annual M&O cost of $28,000, a $47,000 salvage value, and will increase net revenues by $119,000 per year. Which one should be selected on the basis of a rate of return analysis if the company’s MARR is 15% per year? Use a three-year study period.A plant's Product Engineering Department is trying to calculate the Uniform Equivalent Annual Cost of a projected machine. It is estimated that the cost of designing and building the machine will be $720,000, its useful life is estimated at 7 years with a salvage value of $70,000, but these estimates are subject to error. A 6-year lifespan with a salvage value of $80,000 and an 8-year lifespan with a salvage value of $60,000 are also possible. If the attractive minimum rate of return is 10% per year, analyze the sensitivity of the Uniform Equivalent Annual Cost to the change in estimates.
- A large induced-draft fan is needed for an upgraded industrial process. The motor to drive this fan is rated at 100 horsepower, and the motor will operate at full load for 8,760 hours per year. The motor’s efficiency is 92%. Because the motor is fairly large, a demand charge of $92 per kilowatt per year will beincurred in addition to an energy charge of $0.08 per kilowatt-hour. If the installed cost of the motor is $4,000, what is the present worth of the motor over a 10-year period when the MARR is 15% per year?In evaluating projects, LeadTech’s engineers use a rate of 15%. One year ago a robotic transfer machine was installed at a cost of $38,000. At the time, a 10-year life was estimated, but the machine has had a downtime rate of 28%, which is unacceptably high. A $12,000 upgrade should fix the problem, or a labor-intensive process costing $3500 in direct labor per year can be substituted. The plant estimates indirect plant expenses at 60% of direct labor, and it allocates front office overhead at 40% of plant expenses (direct and indirect). The robot has a value in other uses of $15,000. What is the difference between the EUACs for upgrading and switching to the labor-intensive process?The equivalent annual worth of the process currently used in manufacturing motion controllers is AW = $-62,000 per year. A replacement process is under consideration that will have a first cost of $64,000 and an operating cost of $38,000 per year for the next 3 years. Three different engineers have given their opinion about what the salvage value of the new process will be 3 years from now as follows: $10,000, $13,000, and $18,000. Is the decision to replace the process sensitive to the salvage value estimates at the company’s MARR of 15% per year?