An increase in the income tax rate in an attempt to decrease a country's debt-to-GDP ratio may not be effective because O a. It will reduce disposable income and consumption expenditure Ob. It will reduce firms expectations of growth in future sales All of the answers are correct O d. It will reduce investment in new capital stock

An increase in the income tax rate in an attempt to decrease a country's debt-to-GDP ratio may not be effective because O a. It will reduce disposable income and consumption expenditure Ob. It will reduce firms expectations of growth in future sales All of the answers are correct O d. It will reduce investment in new capital stock

MACROECONOMICS

14th Edition

ISBN:9781337794985

Author:Baumol

Publisher:Baumol

Chapter20: Exchange Rates And The Macroeconomy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3TY

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Aa3 a. Private saving is : $ ___Trillion b. Investment Spending is : $___Trillion c. Transfer Payments are: $___Trillion d. The government budget balance is : $ ___Trillion and as a result the government budget is in ___( deficit or surplus) Please show your work. (thumbs down for wrong answers)
When the U.S government runs a Deficit, the savings curve in the market for loanable funds shifts to the____ ___ investment rates and _____domestic investment net capital outfiow.Multiple ChoiceO. right increasing; increasing O. left increasing; decreasing O. right decreasing; increasing O. left decreasing; increasing
Suppose the government borrows $20 billion more next year than this year. a. Use a supply-and-demand diagram to analyse this policy. Does the interest rate rise or fall? b. What happens to investment? To private saving? To public saving? To national saving? Compare the size of the changes to the $20 billion of extra government borrowing. c. Suppose households believe that greater government borrowing today implies higher taxes to pay off the government debt in the future. What does this belief do to private saving and the supply of loanable funds today? Does it increase or decrease the effects that you discussed in parts (a) and (b)?
Based on the table and graph, explain how the country's rate of GPD growth has compared to its debt growth over time and what the implication is for the debt/gdp rati
(a) Assume that Gross Domestic Product (GDP)/Total output (Y) is 6,000. Consumption (C) is given by the equation C = 600 + 0.6(Y – T) where T is the tax. Investment (I) is given by the equation I = 2,000 – 100r, where r is the real rate of interest, in percent. Taxes (T) are 500, and government spending (G) is also 500. What are the equilibrium values of C, I, and r?
a) Why can't the government run a budget deficit in a one- period macroeconomic model? b) Why are government transfer payments not included in (expenditure-based) GDP?
National Income: Where It Comes From and Where It Goes — End of Chapter Problem If consumption depends on the interest rate, saving will also depend on it. In particular, the higher the interest rate, the greater will be the return to saving. Hence, the supply of loanable funds will be represented by an upward-sloping, rather than a vertical, curve. National saving is the sum of public saving and private saving. Investment in this analysis is private investment. It does not include public investment.
Assume and economy is in recession and the government is considering using fiscal stimulus measures to boost spending , production and employment. a)Explain how "crowding out" can harm productivity growth b) explain how the crowding out problem associated with increase government spending can be avoided. identify any additional policy needed.
Which of the following policy actions wouldunambiguously reduce the supply of loanable fundsand crowd out investment?a. an increase in taxes and a decrease ingovernment spendingb. a decrease in taxes together with an increase ingovernment spendingc. an increase in both taxes and governmentspendingd. a decrease in both taxes and government spending
Is is possible for federal investment to have a negative rate of return? Yes, if the spending results in a strong crowding-out effect or if state and local governments substitute towards federal investment by reducing stateand local investment. Either would potentially reduce future productivity and output (GDP), resulting in a negative return. Yes, if the spending results in a weak crowding-out effect or if state and local investments complement the increase in federal investment by. Either would potentially reduce future productivity and output (GDP) and hence result in a negative return. No. At worst, federal investment can have no future return as the expenditure offered some form of service (ex. jobs training) or useful infrastructure (ex. highways). No. If in the future there were a negative return, the federal government would increase expenditures again to offset it.
Assuming a tax rate of 40 percent, compute thebefore-tax real interest rate and the after-tax realinterest rate for each of the following cases.a. The nominal interest rate is 10 percent, and theinflation rate is 5 percent.b. The nominal interest rate is 6 percent, and theinflation rate is 2 percent.c. The nominal interest rate is 4 percent, and theinflation rate is 1 percent.
Public saving is positive when: a. there is a government budget deficit b. after-tax income of households and businesses is greater than consumption expenditures c.there is a government budget surplus d. the government's budget is balanced