ART A Which of the following statements is true? A. In a finitely repeated prisoner’s dilemma, players choose to cooperate in every period. B. In a Nash equilibrium, each player has a dominant action. C. A Nash equilibrium is always characterized by the highest payoffs. D. A subgame perfect equilibrium is a Nash equilibrium. E. None of the other answers is correct. PART B Which of the following statement is true: A. Since the subsidy increases both consumer surplus and producer surplus, subsidy does not create any deadweight loss. B. None of the other answers is correct. C. In general, the burden of the tax falls on the more elastic side of the market. D. There can never be price ceiling and price floor that are simultaneously binding in the same market. E. The economic incidence of the tax depends on who must legally pay the tax

ART A Which of the following statements is true? A. In a finitely repeated prisoner’s dilemma, players choose to cooperate in every period. B. In a Nash equilibrium, each player has a dominant action. C. A Nash equilibrium is always characterized by the highest payoffs. D. A subgame perfect equilibrium is a Nash equilibrium. E. None of the other answers is correct. PART B Which of the following statement is true: A. Since the subsidy increases both consumer surplus and producer surplus, subsidy does not create any deadweight loss. B. None of the other answers is correct. C. In general, the burden of the tax falls on the more elastic side of the market. D. There can never be price ceiling and price floor that are simultaneously binding in the same market. E. The economic incidence of the tax depends on who must legally pay the tax

Microeconomic Theory

12th Edition

ISBN:9781337517942

Author:NICHOLSON

Publisher:NICHOLSON

Chapter8: Game Theory

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8.9P

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(a) Assuming that each fishery chooses fi ∈ (0,F), to maximize its payoff function, derive the players’ best response functions and find a Nash equilibrium. (b) Is the equilibrium you found in (a) unique or not? What are equilibrium payoffs? (c) Suppose that a benevolent social planner wants maximize the util- ity of both fisheries. In other words, the social planner solves the following problem: max w(f1, f2) = u1(f1, f2) + u2(f1, f2) (f1 ,f2 )= 2ln(f1)+2ln(f2)+2ln(F −f1 −f2). Find the social planner’s solution. (d) What are the fisheries’ payoffs if the quantities of fish they catch are solutions to the social planner’s problem? What can you say about the Nash equilibrium quantities of fish being caught as compared to the social planner’s solution? (e) If fishery j decides to follow the recommendation of the social planner, how much fish will firm i catch?
Consider trade relations between the United States and Mexico. Assume that the leaders of the two countries believe the payoffs to alternative trade policies are shown in the image attached. a) What is the dominant strategy for the United States? For Mexico? Explain. b) Define Nash equilibrium. What is the Nash equilibrium for trade policy? c) In 1993, the U.S. Congress ratified the North American Free Trade Agreement, in which the United States and Mexico agreed to reduce trade barriers simultaneously. Do the perceived payoffs shown here justify this approach to trade policy? Explain.
(a) Assuming that each fishery chooses fi ∈ (0, F), to maximize its payoff function, derive the players’ best response functions and find a Nash equilibrium. (b) Is the equilibrium you found in (a) unique or not? What are equilibrium payoffs? 4 (c) Suppose that a benevolent social planner wants maximize the utility of both fisheries. In other words, the social planner solves the following problem: max w(f1,f2) w(f1, f2) = u1(f1, f2) + u2(f1, f2) =2 ln(f1) + 2 ln(f2) + 2 ln(F − f1 − f2). Find the social planner’s solution. (d) What are the fisheries’ payoffs if the quantities of fish they catch are solutions to the social planner’s problem? What can you say about the Nash equilibrium quantities of fish being caught as compared to the social planner’s solution? (e) If fishery j decides to follow the recommendation of the social planner, how much fish will firm i catch?
(f) Does GaterTools have a dominant strategy? Explain using numbers from the payoff matrix.(g) Identify the Nash equilibrium. Explain why this is a Nash equilibrium using information from the payoff matrix.(h) Suppose HandyBilt makes a credible commitment to GaterTools that if GaterTools maintains its price, then HandyBiltwill pay GaterTools $250. Will this offer result in a Nash equilibrium with different strategies from those identified in part(g) ? Explain using numbers from the payoff matrix.
Consider trade relations between the United States and Mexico. Assume that the leaders of the two countries believe the payoffs to alternative trade policies are as follows a. What is the dominant strategy for the United States? For Mexico? Explain. b. Define Nash equilibrium. What is the Nash equilibrium for trade policy? c. In 1993, the U.S.Congress ratified the North American Free Trade Agreement, in which the United States and Mexico agreed to reduce trade barriers simultaneously. Do the perceived payoffs shown here justify this approach to trade policy? Explain. d. Based on your understanding of the gains from trade (discussed in Chapters 3 and 9), do you think that these payoffs actually reflect a nation's welfare under the four possible outcomes?
Please no written by hand and no image (Bertrand's duopoly game with discrete prices) Consider the variant of the example of Bertrand's duopoly game in this section in which each firm is restricted to choose a price that is an integral number of cents. Take the monetary unit to be a cent, and assume that c is an integer and a>c+!. Is (c,c) a nash equilibrium of this game? Is there any other nash equilibrium?
a) At what value for d is Kia indifferent between keeping the agreement and cheating?b) At what value for d is Hyundai indifferent between keeping the agreement and cheating?c) What is the minimum value of d for a Nash equilibrium of cooperation?
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QUESTION: What is the Nash equilibrium usineg the payoff matrix below? Profit Payoff Matrix Frontier High Price Frontier Low Price United High Price United 50 Frontier 12 United 40 Frontier 15 United Low Price United 30 Frontier 0 United 25 Frontier 10 A. UNITED: HIGH FRONTIER: HIGH B. UNITED: HIGH FRONTIER: LOW C. UNITED: LOW FRONTIER: HIGH D. UNITED: LOW FRONTIER: LOW E. THERE IS NO NASH EQUILIBRIUM.
Consider the extensive form game portrayed below. The top number at aterminal node is player 1’s payoff, the middle number is player 2’s payoff,and the bottom number is player 3’s payoff.a. Derive the strategy set for each player. (Note: If you do not want to listall of the strategies, you can provide a general description of a player’sstrategy, give an example, and state how many strategies are in thestrategy set.)b. Derive all subgame perfect Nash equilibria. c. Derive a Nash equilibrium that is not a SPNE, and explain why it isnot a SPNE.
Consider a game where each player picks a number from 0 to 60. The guess that is closest to half of the average of the chosen numbers wins a prize. If several people are equally close, then they share the prize. The game theory implies that (A) all players have dominant strategies to choose 0 (B) all players have dominant strategies to choose 30 (C) there is a Nash equilibrium where all players pick 0 (D) there is a Nash equilibrium where all players pick positive numbers Behavioral data in such games suggests that (A) most subjects choose 0; (B) most subjects choose 30;(C) common answers include 30, 15, 7.5, and 0; (D) most subjects use randomization.
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