Assume that Derryland and Whetonia can switch between producing cheese and producing bread at a constant rate. Table 1-1 Labor Hours Needed to Make Number of Units Produced in 40 1 Unit of Hours Cheese Bread Cheese Bread Derryland 1 4 40 10 Whetonia 2 20 8
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- A small company that shovels sidewalks and driveways has 100 homes signed up for its services this winter. It can use various combinations of capital and labor: intensive labor with hand shovels, less labor with snow blowers, and still less labor with a pickup truck that has a snowplow on front. To summarize, the method Choices are: Method 1: 50 units of labor, 10 units of capital Method 2: 20 units of labor, 40 units of capital Method 3: 10 units of labor, 70 units of capital If hiring labor for the winter costs $100/unit and a unit of capital costs 400, what is the best production method? What method should the company use if the cost of labor rises to $20/unit?Suppose you have a team of two workers: one is a baker and one is a chef. Explain why file kitchen can produce more meals in a given period of time if each worker specializes in what they do best than if each worker tries to do everything from appetizer to dessert.Why is a production possibilities frontier typically drawn as a curve, rather than a straight line?
- Based on your answers to the WipeOut Ski Company in Exercise 7.3, now imagine a situation where the firm produces a quantity of 5 units that it sells for a price of 25 each. What will be the companys profits or losses? How can you tell at a glance whether the company is making or losing money at this price by looking at average cost? At the given quantity and price, is the marginal unit produced adding to profits?HighFlyer Airlines wants to build new airplanes with greatly increased cabin space. This will allow HighFlyer Airlines to give passengers more comfort and sell more tickets at a higher price. However, redesigning the cabin means rethinking many other elements of the airplane as well, like engine and luggage placement, and the most efficient shape of the plane for moving through the air. HighFlyer Airlines has developed a list of possible methods to increase cabin space, along with estimates of how these approaches would affect the planes operating costs and ticket sales. Based on these estimates, Table 13.5 shows the value of R, how much should the firm invest in R on top of the private return; that is, an R private return to HighFlyer Airlines would have a 9 social return. How much investment is socially optimal at the 6 interest rate?Alexi and Tony own a food truck that serves only twoitems, street tacos and Cuban sandwiches. As shownin the table, Alexi can make 80 street tacos per hourbut only 20 Cuban sandwiches. Tony is a bit faster andcan make 100 street tacos or 30 Cuban sandwiches inan hour. Alexi and Tony can sell all the street tacos andCuban sandwiches that they are able to produce.Output Per HourStreet Tacos Cuban SandwichesAlexi 80 20Tony 100 30a. For Alexi and for Tony, what is the opportunity cost of a street taco? Who has a comparative advantage in the pro-duction of street tacos? Explain your answer. b. Who has a comparative advantage in the production ofCuban sandwiches? Explain your answer. Assume that Alexi works 20 hours per week in thebusiness. Assuming Alexi is in business on his own, graphthe possible combinations of street tacos and Cubansandwiches that he could produce in a week. Do the samefor Tony.d. If Alexi devoted half of his time (10 out of 20 hours) tomaking street tacos and half of…
- a. In your backyard at your home you have established a small workshop where you repair theequipment of your home that have gone out of order. Will this act of repairing your own householdequipment count as production? Explain. b. If a fisherman catches fish from river then which factor of production is he using for hisproduction? Explain this factor in detail.4. A bottling company uses two inputs to produce bottles soft drink sludge: bottling machines (K) and workers(L). The machine costs $1000 per day (r) to run and the workers are paid $200 per day (w). At the current level of production, the marginal product of the machine is an additional 200 bottles per day (MPK), and the marginal product of labor is 50 bottles per day (MPL). a. State the rule for determining the cos- efficient combinations of inputs (K & L) for the production of soft drinks. b. Given r=$1000 per day, w=$200 per day, (MPK)= 200 bottles, and (MPL)= 50 bottles, is the company operating cost-efficiently? c. What must the company do to move toward cost-efficient operation? Hint: use more labor or more machines and why?A firm produces two different kinds, A and B, of a commodity. The daily cost of producingx units of A and y units of B isC(x, y) = 2x2 − 4xy + 4y2 − 40x − 20y + 514Suppose that the firm sells all its output at a price per unit of $24 for A and $12 for B. Findthe daily production levels x and y that maximize profit. (Be sure to show your first andsecond order conditions.)