Assume the market price for tangerines is $18.00 per bushel. At the market price, tangerine growers are willing to supply a quantity of 12,000 bushels per week. The quantity supplied drops to zero when the price falls to $5.00 per bushel. Construct a graph showing this data, calculate the total producer surplus in the market for tangerines, and show the total producer surplus on the graph.

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Market Surplus and Shortage Analysis

In everyday language, a “surplus” indicates that there is an excess of something, while a “shortage” means that there is a scarcity of it. In economics, “market surplus” refers to the condition where the quantity of a certain good more available than what is required or “demanded” by the market. In the same way, a “market shortage” refers to the condition where the quantity of a certain good is less available than what is “demanded” by the market. If quantity in demand is written as Qd and quantity that is supplied is written as Qs, then, the condition Qs > Qd indicates market surplus and condition Qd > Qs indicates market shortage.