Assumptions of rationality are violated because Choose one: A. both low-probability events and high-probability events are underanticipated. B. low-probability events are overanticipated whereas high-probability events are underanticipated. C. low-probability events are underanticipated whereas high-probability events are overanticipated. D. both low-probability events and high-probability events are overanticipated.
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Assumptions of rationality are violated because
Choose one:
A. both low-probability events and high-probability events are underanticipated.
B. low-probability events are overanticipated whereas high-probability events are underanticipated.
C. low-probability events are underanticipated whereas high-probability events are overanticipated.
D. both low-probability events and high-probability events are overanticipated.
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Solved in 3 steps
- __ 2. According to the classical definition of probability a. All the events are equally likely. b. The probability is based on hunches. c. Divide the number of successes by the number of failures. d. One outcome is exactly twice the other.Scenario 2 Tess and Lex earn $40,000 per year and all earnings are spent on consumption (c). Tess and Lex both have the utility function (sqrt c) . Both could experience an adverse event that results in earnings of $0 per year. Tess has a 1% chance of experiencing an adverse event and Lex has a 12% chance of experiencing an adverse event. Tess and Lex are both aware of their risk of an adverse event. Refer to Scenario 2 If an insurance company knows the probability of Tess experiencing an adverse event, what is the actuarially fair premium charged to Tess per $1 of benefit? Round to two decimal placesASAP Consider an individual for whom utility is U = ln(I) There are two states of the world (G,B): Outcome G = 2000 with probability .4 Outcome B = 1000 with probability .6 W1 = 2000 L = 1000 π = .6 Option = invest $50 to lower π to .2 An insurance company is willing to offer a contract in which the individual pays a premium and gets full compensation for the loss (1000) in the bad state. a) With no insurance but the option of investing the $50, what is the utility of the individual? b) What is the first-best outcome for utility of the individual, insurance premium, and profits of the insurance company?
- 1 Consider an individual for whom utility is U = ln(I) There are two states of the world (G,B): Outcome G = 2000 with probability .4 Outcome B = 1000 with probability .6 W1 = 2000 L = 1000 π = .6 Option = invest $50 to lower π to .2 An insurance company is willing to offer a contract in which the individual pays a premium and gets full compensation for the loss (1000) in the bad state. a) With no insurance but the option of investing the $50, what is the utility of the individual? b) What is the first-best outcome for utility of the individual, insurance premium, and profits of the insurance company?Scenario 2 Tess and Lex earn $40,000 per year and all earnings are spent on consumption (c). Tess and Lex both have the utility function (sqrt c) . Both could experience an adverse event that results in earnings of $0 per year. Tess has a 1% chance of experiencing an adverse event and Lex has a 12% chance of experiencing an adverse event. Tess and Lex are both aware of their risk of an adverse event. Refer to Scenario 2 Suppose that insurance companies do not know specific probabilities of adverse events for Tess or Lex, but do know the average probability of an adverse event. If they assumed that both Tess and Lex purchase full insurance, what is the actuarially fair premium charged? Round to two decimal placesExercise 3: Risky Investment Charlie has von Neumann-Morgenstern utility function u(x) = ln x and has wealth W = 250, 000. She is offered the opportunity to purchase a risky project for price P = 160, 000. 1 1 With probability p = 2 the project will be a success and return V > 160, 000. With probability 1 −p = 2 the project will fail and be worthless (i.e. it returns 0). For simplicity assume there is no interest between the time of the investment and the time of its return, that is r = 0 . How large must V be in order for Charlie to want to purchase the risky project? [Hint: What is Charlie’s expected utility is she does not purchase the project? What is Charlie’s expected utility is she purchases the project?]
- Scenario 2 Tess and Lex earn $40,000 per year and all earnings are spent on consumption (c). Tess and Lex both have the utility function ( sqrt c) . Both could experience an adverse event that results in earnings of $0 per year. Tess has a 1% chance of experiencing an adverse event and Lex has a 12% chance of experiencing an adverse event. Tess and Lex are both aware of their risk of an adverse event. Refer to Scenario 2 Calculate Lex’s and Tess' expected utilities without insurance. (each one separated) Round to two decimal places for bothcould you answer part b to this question or if you have time part a and part b but part is more important. thank you Priyanka has an income of £90,000 and is a von Neumann-Morgenstern expected utility maximiser with von Neumann-Morgenstern utility index . There is a 1 % probability that there is flooding damage at her house. The repair of the damage would cost £80,000 which would reduce the income to £10,000. a) Would Priyanka be willing to spend £500 to purchase an insurance policy that would fully insure her against this loss? Explain. b) What would be the highest price (premium) that she would be willing to pay for an insurance policy that fully insures her against the flooding damage?2. “A risk-averse individual will always full insure, meaning that uncertainty is irrelevant.” Discuss this comment using relevant model(s) studied in the unit.
- Are the following preferences consistent with von Neumann Morgenstern’s axioms to maximize expected utility? Explain. a. You would rather have a sure $200 to a gamble with p=0.7 chance of $200, p=0.1 chance of $50, p=0.2 chance of $300. b. You prefer the gamble of p=2/3 chance of $300 and p=1/3 chance of $50 than a sure $250 win.PROBLEM (4) A homeowner with expected utility preferences with ?(?) = √? (sqare root x) owns a house worth $490k. There is a probability p that she will experience a house fire, in which case the damages will cost $240k. A risk-neutral insurance company asks for an insurance premium of $10k in return for covering the damages fully in case of a fire. (a) What should p be so that the homeowner is willing to insure her house? (b) What should p be so that the insurance company is willing to offer insurance?Suppose that consumers have utility function U(C) = log(C) where C is the consumption level and log is the natural logarithm. Consumers have initial consumptionlevels of 100 and are exposed to the following risk of loss: lose 10 with probability0.4 and lose 5 with probability 0.6. They are considering buying insurance to coverthese losses. What is the fair price for the insurance?