. At the end of their useful lives alternatives A and C will be replaced with identical replacements (the repeatability assumption) so that a 20-year service requirement (study period) is met. Which alternative should be chosen and why b. Now suppose that at their end of their useful lives, alternatives A and C will be replaces with replacement alternatives having an 8% internal rate of return. Which alternative should be chosen and why? Consider these mutually exclusive alternatives. MARR = 8% per year, so all the alternatives are acceptable. Alternative B $425 $49.92 Capital investment (thousands) Uniform annual savings (thousands) Useful life (years) Computed IRR (over useful life) A $280 $45.57 10 10% 20 10% $550 $145.09 5 10%
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- n Project A Project B 0 -$7,000 -$5,000 1 -$2,500 -$2,000 2 -$2,000 -$2,000 3 -$1,500 -$2,000 4 -$1,500 -$2,000 5 -$1,500 -$2,000 6 -$1,500 -$2,000 7 - -$2,000 8 - - Suppose projects A and B are mutually exclusive. The required service period is 8 years and comparable equipment will be leased for $3,000 per year payable at the end of each year for the remaining years of the required service period. Which project is a better choice at 15%? Use PW(15%) criterion and show your equation with numbers plugged into factors and your numerical result for each option.Ten years ago, Johnson Recovery purchased a wrecker for $330, 000 to move disabled 18-wheelers. He received a salvage value of $25, 000 after 10 years of use. During this 10-year period, his average annual revenue totaled $60, 000. a) Did he recover his investment at 12% per year return? In other words, does the Annual Equivalent Value of the benefits exceed the Capital Recovery cost at an interest rate of 12%? b) Suppose Johnson moves, on average, 250 disabled 18-wheelers each year. What is his average equivalent benefit/cost per vehicle moved? c) Now, incorporate annual operating and maintenance costs into your analysis. If the annual O&M cost was $5, 000 the first year and increased by a constant 10% per year, what is the annual equivalent worth at 12% per year?The company uses a 10% discount rate and the total-cost approach to capital budgeting analysis. The working capital required under the new system would be released for use elsewhere at the conclusion of the project. Both alternatives are expected to have a useful life of ten years.1. The net present value of the overhaul alternative (rounded to the nearest hundred pesos) is: P(750,300) P(987,400) P(725,800) P(975,800) 2. The net present value of the new system alternative (rounded to the nearest hundred pesos) is: P(552,900) P(758,400) P(862,900) P(987,400)
- A construction firm is considering establishingan engineering computing center. The center will beequipped with three engineering workstations thatcost $45,000 each, and each has a service life of fiveyears. The expected salvage value of each workstation is $2,000. The annual operating and maintenancecost would be $25,000 for each workstation. At aMARR of 15%, determine the equivalent annual costfor operating the engineering center.A company is currently paying its employees$0.56 per mile to drive their own cars on companybusiness. The company is considering supplyingemployees with cars, which would involve purchasing at $25,000 with an estimated three-year life, a netsalvage value of $8,000, taxes and insurance at a costof $1,200 per year, and operating and maintenanceexpenses of $0.30 per mile. If the interest rate is 10%and the company anticipates an employee’s annualtravel to be 30,000 miles, what is the equivalent costper mile (neglecting income taxes)A proposed project will require the immediate investment of $50,000 and is estimated to have year-end revenues and costs as follows: Year Revenue Costs 1 2 3 4 5 $ 75,000 90,000 100,000 95,000 60,000 $ 60,000 77,500 75,000 80,000 47,500 An additional investment of $20,000 will be required at the end of the second year. The project would terminate at the end of the 5th year, and the assets are estimated to have a salvage value of $25,000 at the time. Solve for the IRR of the project by PW using 15% and 16% rates. A. 15.68% B. 15.28% C. 15.88% D. 15.48%
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Cape Coast, Legon spent GHS1.8 million to install solar panels atop a parking garage. These panels will have a capacity of 500 kw, have a life expectancy of 20 years and suppose the discount rate is 10%.a. If electricity can be purchased for costs of GHS0.10 per kwh, how many hours per year will the solar panels have to operate to make this project break even?b. If efficient systems operate for 2,400 hours per year, would the project break even?c. The university is seeking a grant to cover capital costs. How big of a grant would make this project worthwhile (to the university)?A man is considering putting up his own enterprise, where an investment of 800,000Php will be required and will take 15 years to recoup . He estimates his annual sales at 800,000Php along with the following operating costs. Materials ............................. 160,000Php/ yearLabor ............................. 280,000Php/ yearOverhead ............................. (40,000 + 10% of sales) Php/ yearSelling Expense............................. 60,000Php/ yearThe man will give up his regular job paying 216,000 Php per year and devote all his time to the operation of his business, this will result in decreasing his labor cost by 40,000Php per year, material cost by 28,000Php per year and overhead cost by 32,000 Php per year. If the man expects to earn at least 20% of his capital, should he invest? solve in the present worth cost methodCalculate the discounted payback period to recover an investment of $285,000 inenhanced CNC controls that include axis control to 8 axes (on the milling model) ifthe associated income is $90,000 per year and expenses are $35,000 per yearstarting from year 1. Use a MARR of 10% per year.O. 5.18O. 6.96O. 7.67O. 8.13O. 4.25
- Mask King is a producer of disposable face masks in Country Z. She is deciding whether to upgrade the quality of her face masks from Level I to Level III by using nano-technology she has been researching on since the last few years. When considering the upgrade of the product quality, the main relevant information are given as follows: i. Mask King paid $2 million for the research cost used in the relevant nanotechnology in the past few years; ii. A new production line has to be established, including the purchase of new tools and equipment, which estimated to be cost $5 million; iii. An increase in income of $6 million is expected from selling the upgraded Level III face masks. Using the concept of opportunity cost, explain whether Mask King should upgrade her face masksA man is considering putting up his own enterprise, where an investment of 800,000 will be required and will take 15 years to recoup. He estimates his annual sales at 800,000 along with the following operating costs. Materials =160,000/ yearLabor = 280,000/ yearOverhead = (40,000 + 10% of sales)/ yearSelling Expense = 60,000/ yearThe man will give up his regular job paying 216,000 Php per year and devote all his time to the operation of his business, this will result in decreasing his labor cost by 40,000 per year, material cost by 28,000 per year and overhead cost by 32,000 per year. If the man expects to earn at least 20% of his capital, should he invest? Solve using a) Rate of return method b) annual worth method c)present worth method d)equivalent uniform annual cost methodA small manufacturing firm is considering the purchase of a new machine to modernize one of its current production lines. Two types of machines are available on the market. The lives of machine A and machine B are 4 years and 6 years, respectively, but the firm does not expect to need the service of either machine for more than 5 years. The machines have the following expected receipts and disbursements. Item Machine A (USD) Machine B(USD) First cost 325k 425k Service life 4 years 6 years Estimated Salvage Value 30k 50k Annual Opertaing & Maintenance Costs 40k 26k Oil Filter Change every other year 5k NONE Enginer Overhaul 10k every 3 years 14k every 4 years The firm always has another option: To lease a machine at 150k a year, fully maintained by the leasing company. After four years of use, the salvage value for machine B will remain at 50k. How many decision alternatives are there?…