a)The Bernoulli Equation can be described as mechanical energy during a flow, in which it obeys the energy conservation principle: ? ?2 ?+ 2 +??=constant P is pressure, ρ is fluid density, v is fluid velocity, z is height and g is gravitational constant. Describe what each terms in the equation mean: ?,?2 and?? ?2 b)The water flows from Point 1 to Point 2 through a circular pipe with height difference 4.5 m. Mass flow rate at Point 1 is 3 kg/s. The pressure at Point 1 is measured to be 150 kPa, while at Point 2 the pressure is 100 kPa. The diameter at Point 1 is 3 cm while the diameter at Point 2 is 6 cm. Refer to Figure Q2, then determine the mass flow rate (kg/s) at Point 2.
Fluid Pressure
The term fluid pressure is coined as, the measurement of the force per unit area of a given surface of a closed container. It is a branch of physics that helps to study the properties of fluid under various conditions of force.
Gauge Pressure
Pressure is the physical force acting per unit area on a body; the applied force is perpendicular to the surface of the object per unit area. The air around us at sea level exerts a pressure (atmospheric pressure) of about 14.7 psi but this doesn’t seem to bother anyone as the bodily fluids are constantly pushing outwards with the same force but if one swims down into the ocean a few feet below the surface one can notice the difference, there is increased pressure on the eardrum, this is due to an increase in hydrostatic pressure.
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