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(b) The diagram on the right illustrates the change in the p50 (partial pressure of O2 required to achieve 50% saturation) of hemoglobin and the 2,3-bis-phosphoglycerate (BPG) concentration in the erythrocytes of a person who spent 6 days hik- ing in the Andes Mountains of Peru. As the hiker climbs to higher and higher altitudes, the atmos- pheric pressure, including the partial pressure of O2, decreases. Yet the p50 increases, making it less favorable to achieve saturation of the hemo- globin. Explain. Pso (tor) 34 32 Sea 4530 m above Sea level sea level level 160 33- 140 BPG concentration 120 31 100 30 80 Pso 29 60 28 40 27 20 26 0 -1 0 1 2 3 4 Time (days) 5 6/0 1 2 3 g phosphorus ml blood) BPG concentration

(b) The diagram on the right illustrates the change in the p50 (partial pressure of O2 required to achieve 50% saturation) of hemoglobin and the 2,3-bis-phosphoglycerate (BPG) concentration in the erythrocytes of a person who spent 6 days hik- ing in the Andes Mountains of Peru. As the hiker climbs to higher and higher altitudes, the atmos- pheric pressure, including the partial pressure of O2, decreases. Yet the p50 increases, making it less favorable to achieve saturation of the hemo- globin. Explain. Pso (tor) 34 32 Sea 4530 m above Sea level sea level level 160 33- 140 BPG concentration 120 31 100 30 80 Pso 29 60 28 40 27 20 26 0 -1 0 1 2 3 4 Time (days) 5 6/0 1 2 3 g phosphorus ml blood) BPG concentration

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
9th Edition
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood
Chapter11: The Blood
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 3SQE
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(b) The diagram on the right illustrates the change in the p50 (partial pressure of O2 required to achieve 50% saturation) of hemoglobin and the 2,3-bis-phosphoglycerate (BPG) concentration in the erythrocytes of a person who spent 6 days hik- ing in the Andes Mountains of Peru. As the hiker climbs to higher and higher altitudes, the atmos- pheric pressure, including the partial pressure of O2, decreases. Yet the p50 increases, making it less favorable to achieve saturation of the hemo- globin. Explain. Pso (torr) Sea level 34 33- 32 31 30- 29 28 27 26 4530 m above- sea level (c) If individuals with the following mutant hemo- globins accompanied the hiker, evaluate the degree of respiratory distress that they would experience despite the increased erythrocyte BPG concentration. (In the ta- ble of mutants on the right, the mutation His(143)Asp, for instance, means that the His residue that occurs at se- quence position 143 on the ß-chain has been substituted by Asp.) Describe the influence of each mutation on BPG binding with reference to the diagram in part (a) and ex- plain why the degree of respiratory distress scales in- versely to the strength of BPG binding. On this basis, rank the mutants according to the degree of respiratory distress. Pso BPG concentration -1 0 1 2 Mutant Hemoglobin Sea level Hb Rancho Mirage Hb Raleigh Hb Helsinki Hb Rahere IND 20 0 3 4 5 6/0 1 2 3 Time (days) 160 140 120 100 80 60 Mutation BPG concentration g phosphorus ml.blood) His(3143)Asp Val(1) Ala Lys(382)Met Lys(382)) Thr
Transcribed Image Text:(b) The diagram on the right illustrates the change in the p50 (partial pressure of O2 required to achieve 50% saturation) of hemoglobin and the 2,3-bis-phosphoglycerate (BPG) concentration in the erythrocytes of a person who spent 6 days hik- ing in the Andes Mountains of Peru. As the hiker climbs to higher and higher altitudes, the atmos- pheric pressure, including the partial pressure of O2, decreases. Yet the p50 increases, making it less favorable to achieve saturation of the hemo- globin. Explain. Pso (torr) Sea level 34 33- 32 31 30- 29 28 27 26 4530 m above- sea level (c) If individuals with the following mutant hemo- globins accompanied the hiker, evaluate the degree of respiratory distress that they would experience despite the increased erythrocyte BPG concentration. (In the ta- ble of mutants on the right, the mutation His(143)Asp, for instance, means that the His residue that occurs at se- quence position 143 on the ß-chain has been substituted by Asp.) Describe the influence of each mutation on BPG binding with reference to the diagram in part (a) and ex- plain why the degree of respiratory distress scales in- versely to the strength of BPG binding. On this basis, rank the mutants according to the degree of respiratory distress. Pso BPG concentration -1 0 1 2 Mutant Hemoglobin Sea level Hb Rancho Mirage Hb Raleigh Hb Helsinki Hb Rahere IND 20 0 3 4 5 6/0 1 2 3 Time (days) 160 140 120 100 80 60 Mutation BPG concentration g phosphorus ml.blood) His(3143)Asp Val(1) Ala Lys(382)Met Lys(382)) Thr
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