Bacteria and other prokaryotic cells have the capacity to get more ATP/glucose oxidized than eukaryotic cells because ____, so they are more efficient. a. they are simpler and have less going on b. they don't have to use shuttles to reoxidize reduced nucleotides c. they do not have to translocate ATP-ADP across the mitochondrial membranes d. they use an electron transport chain that translocates more protons e. none of the above

Bacteria and other prokaryotic cells have the capacity to get more ATP/glucose oxidized than eukaryotic cells because ____, so they are more efficient. a. they are simpler and have less going on b. they don't have to use shuttles to reoxidize reduced nucleotides c. they do not have to translocate ATP-ADP across the mitochondrial membranes d. they use an electron transport chain that translocates more protons e. none of the above

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter7: Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4TYK

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Bacteria and other prokaryotic cells have the capacity to get more ATP/glucose oxidized than eukaryotic cells because ____, so they are more efficient. a. they are simpler and have less going on b. they don't have to use shuttles to reoxidize reduced nucleotides c. they do not have to translocate ATP-ADP across the mitochondrial membranes d. they use an electron transport chain that translocates more protons e. none of the above 2. The energy input for the synthesis of glycogen occurs during which of the following enzyme catalysed steps? a. phosphoglucomutase b. UDP-glucose pyrophTosphorylase c. glycogen synthase d. amylo-(1,4®1,6)-transglycosylase e. none of the above require energy input __________
Which of the following statements is TRUE of the electron transport chain (ETC)? A. The movement of electrons down the ETC drives the formation of a proton (H+) gradient. B. The movement of H+ ions through ATP synthase drives the transfer of electrons down the ETC. C. The movement of electrons down the ETC drives the movement of ADP and phosphate through ATP synthase. D. The movement of H+ ions across the inner membrane of the mitochondria drives the transfer of electrons down the ETC.
A mutant algae has some of its mitochondria missing with inner mitochondrial membrane. Which of the following processed would be completely affected in these mitochondria? A. Electron transport chain B. Biosynthesis C. Glycolic D. Alcoholic fermentation 2. Which of the following cellular respiration processes can produce the most number of ATP per molecule of glucose oxidized? A. Alcoholic fermentation B. Lactic acid fermentation C. Aerobic respiration D. All produce an equal number of APPS.
You are studying the enzyme kinetics of enzymes in the TCA cycle. You add a molecule to the mixture that appears to act as a competitive inhibitor of one of the enzymes. At first, you cannot tell which enzyme is inhibited, but you can tell that it is bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane. Can you guess which TCA enzyme you have inhibited and how do you know? Where are other enzymes located in the mitochondrion?
Which of the following statements is most correct? The electron transport chain - A: generates a pH gradient that reduces O2 to H2O B: generates a proton gradient across the outer mito membrane C: generates a proton gradient across the inner mito membrane D: uses the energy stored in high energy electron carriers to synthesize ATP E: establishes a membrane potential across the outer mito membrane
Which of the following statements concerning ATP synthesis in mitochondria is FALSE? a. interruption of the flow of electrons from NADH to oxygen would decrease ATP synthesis b. making the inner mitochondrial membrane permeable to H+ would decrease ATP synthesis c. the energy liberated by the electron-transport chain is used to pump H+ ions into the IM-space d. the movement of H+ through a special channel enzyme (synthase) results in ATP synthesis e. when protons move from the matrix to the IM-space, ATP is made from ADP + Pi
Cyanide is a poisonous substance. Cyanide is a cytochrome c oxidase inhibitor that is competitive. The last enzyme of the electron transport chain in mitochondria is cytochrome c oxidase. One of the most common substrates for cytochrome c oxidase is oxygen.Would an increase in the concentration of oxygen affect the inhibitioncaused by cyanide?How would conditions in the mitochondrial intermembrane spacechange if cytochrome c oxidase and the electron transport chain are notfunctioning properly.. Explain why this change in conditions will be harmful to a cell.
5.6. When animal cells produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) with glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (Krebs) cycle and electron-transport chain, the cells: BIOCHEMISTRY_advanced a) are in the presence of one of these carbohydrates: glucose, fructose, lactose. b) are in aerobic conditions. c) produce two molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) at every turn of Krebs cycle. d) produce ATP, thanks to a mitochondrial H+ gradient coupled to the electron-transport chain. e) require mitochondrial cytochrom C for ATP production downstream of the electron-transport chain.
The electrons carried by NADH and FADH2 can be a. pumped into the intermembrane space. b. transferred to the ATP synthase. c. moved between proteins in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. d. transported into the matrix of the mitochondrion
Cyanide is a toxic substance. Cyanide is a cytochrome coxidase enzyme that is competitive. The last enzyme of the electron transport chain in mitochondria is cytochrome c oxidase. One of the most common substrates for cytochrome c oxidase is oxygen. Would an increase in the concentration of oxygen affect the inhibitioncaused by cyanide? How would conditions in the mitochondrial intermembrane spacechange if cytochrome c oxidase and the electron transport chain are notfunctioning properly. .Explain why this change in conditions will be harmful to a cell.
Why are electron carriers (NAD+/NADH and FAD/FADH2) so important in the process of cellular respiration? A)NADH and FADH2 are major components of the ETC, so without them, there would be no ETC in the cell. B)They deliver electrons to the ETC, which in turn sets up chemiosmosis, where most of the ATP is generated. C)They separate the electrons from the protons so that the protons can be moved out of the mitochondrion. D)The electrons that they carry are able to directly phosphorylate ADP in order to generate the bulk of ATP in the cell. E) They transport protons across the mitochondrial membrane. 14.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the electron transport chain (ETC) and oxidative phosphorylation? A. Oxidative phosphorylation requires the enzyme complexes to be soluble in the mitochondrial matrix. B. If the proton gradient is too high, electrons will not move through the ETC. C. The movement of electrons down the ETC only happens if protons are pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix. D. Oxidative phosphorylation requires the mitochondrial intermembrane space to be more positively charged than the matrix. E. The free energy of the proton gradient can be used to create high energy bonds.