BacteriaO a. Are the most familiar prokaryotes compared withArchaebacteriab. All the other choices are validO . Reproduce asexually by fissionO d. Include cyanobacteria (formerly called blue-green algae)O e. Most bacteria are saprobic (they send out digestive enzymesinto the environment and thereafter take up the resultingnutrient molecules)Color Blindness is an X-linked recessive traitO a. TrueO b. FalsePlants build up turgor pressure in the hypertonic media. That is thereason for planting many crops and irrigating them with sea waterO a. FalseO b. Trueof 1ion

Bacteria are the microscopic organisms and they are single-celled. Bacteria are found in almost…

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Bacteria O a. Are the most familiar prokaryotes compared with Archaebacteria O b. All the other choices are valid

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter8: The Structure, Replication, And Chromosomal Organization Of Dna

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6QP: Recently, scientists discovered that a rare disorder called polkadotism is caused by a bacterial...

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Why does sickle cell anemia remain more prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa than in the rest of the world? a. Reduced access to medical facilities presidposes Sub-Saharan Africans to an increased chance od disease. b. The prevalence of malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa provided a selective advantage to individuals who were heterozygous. c. Infection with malaria provides a selective disadvantage to individuals who are heterozygous for the sickle cell allele. d. People of African ancestry are genetically predisposed to carry the sickle cell allele
genes relies on the existence of ovoD, a dominant female sterile mutation of the ovo gene, whichis located near the middle of the acrocentricDrosophila X chromosome. Females that are ovoD/ovo+ are sterile; ovoD-containing germ-line cellscannot produce eggs.a. Mutations in gene X are recessive lethals, so homozygotes for these mutations do not develop intoadults. Explain how researchers could use the ovoDmutation in a mitotic recombination experiment todetermine (i) whether or not females might supplythe RNA or protein product of gene X to the eggsthey make in their ovaries, and (ii) whether thismaternally supplied product is needed for properdevelopment of their progeny. Where in the genome would gene X need to be located for thisapproach to work?b. The ovoD mutant gene has been cloned, so genomicDNA for this mutant gene is available. How couldyou use this cloned DNA to determine whether any embryonic lethal mutation located anywhere in thegenome was an allele of a maternal effect…
You picked up two mice (one female and one male)that had escaped from experimental cages in the animalfacility. One mouse is yellow in color, and the other isbrown agouti. (Agouti hairs have bands of yellow,while non-agouti hairs are solid-colored.) You knowthat this mouse colony has animals with different alleles at only three coat color genes: the agouti (A) ornon-agouti (a) or yellow (AY) alleles of the A gene(AY> A > a; AYis a recessive lethal), the black (B) orbrown (b) alleles of the B gene (B > b), and the albino(c) or non-albino (C) alleles of the C gene (C > c; cc isepistatic to all other phenotypes). However, you don’tknow which alleles of these genes are actually presentin each of the animals that you’ve captured. To determine the genotypes, you breed the two escaped mice together. The first litter has only three pups. One is albino,one is brown (non-agouti), and the third is black agouti.a. What alleles of the A, B, and C genes are present inthe two mice you…
Which of the following evolutionary changes is an illustration of horizontal gene transfer? the human point mutation which changes a T into an A in the sickle-cell b-globin gene B. origin of the tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum) from its diploid ancestor (Solanum stenotomum) non-disjunction of the duplicated human chromosome 21, causing Down’s syndrome D. the green sea slug acquiring the genes for making chlorophyll from the chloroplasts of green algae the single gene deletion which can reduce the variety of mating types in yeast
. An allotetraploid species has a genome composed oftwo ancestral genomes, A and B, each of which havea basic chromosome number (x) of seven. In thisspecies, the two copies of each chromosome of eachancestral genome pair only with each other duringmeiosis. Resistance to a pathogen that attacks the foliage of the plant is controlled by a dominant allele atthe F locus. The recessive alleles Faand Fbconfersensitivity to the pathogen, but the dominant resistancealleles present in the two genomes have slightly different effects. Plants with at least one FAallele areresistant to races 1 and 2 of the pathogen regardlessof the genotype in the B genome, and plants with atleast one FBallele are resistant to races 1 and 3 of thepathogen regardless of the genotype in the A genome.What proportion of the self-progeny of an FA Fa FB Fbplant will be resistant to all three races of the pathogen?
1. Choose the phrase from the right column that best fitsthe term in the left column.a. cytoplasmicsegregation1. transmission of genes through maternalgamete onlyb. heteroplasmic 2. cell that has mtDNAs or cpDNAs all of onegenotypec. homoplasmic 3. having gametes of similar sized. maternalinheritance4. a cell with a mixture of different mtDNAsgenerates a daughter cell with only one kinde. uniparentalinheritance5. a specific fraction of wild-type organellarDNAs is required for a wild-type phenotypef. isogamous 6. cell with mtDNAs or cpDNAs with differentgenotypesg. threshold effect 7. transmission of genes through either amaternal or a paternal gamete, but not both
When is the production of genetically identical offspring a disadvantage? Explain yourreasoning. please dont use copy pastes
A single yeast cell placed on a solid agar will dividemitotically to produce a colony of about 107cells. Ahaploid yeast cell that has a mutation in the ade2 genewill produce a red colony; an ade2+ colony will bewhite. Some of the colonies formed from diploidyeast cells with a genotype of ade2+/ ade2− willcontain sectors of red within a white colony.a. How would you explain these sectors?b. Although the white colonies are roughly the samesize, the red sectors within some of the whitecolonies vary markedly in size. Why? Do youexpect the majority of the red sectors to be relativelylarge or relatively small?
On rare occasions, an organism may have three copies of achromosome and therefore has three copies of the genes on thatchromosome (instead of the usual number of two copies). Forsuch a rare organism, the alleles for each gene usually segregateso that a gamete will contain one or two copies of the gene. Let’ssuppose that a rare pea plant has three copies of the chromosomethat carries the height gene. Its genotype is TTt. The plant is alsoheterozygous for the seed color gene, Yy, which is found on adifferent chromosome. With regard to both genes, how manytypes of gametes can this plant make, and in what proportions?(Assume that it is equally likely that a gamete will contain oneor two copies of the height gene.)
Recently, scientists discovered that a rare disorder called polkadotism is caused by a bacterial strain, polkadotiae. Mice injected with this strain (P) develop polka dots on their skin. Heat-killed P bacteria and live D bacteria, a nonvirulent strain, do not produce polka dots when injected separately into mice. However, when a mixture of heat-killed P cells and live D cells were injected together, the mice developed polka dots. What process explains this result? Describe what is happening in the mouse to cause this outcome.
Crossing-over is all of the following EXCEPT A. rearranging genes to combine some of a person's mother's and father's DNA into an inheritable strand B. a process that happens only in Prophase I C. a problem that makes it less likely that our species will survive D. a reason why there is great variety in eggs and sperm and diversity among individuals of the same species
Genetic linkage occurs becausea. genes that are on the same chromosome may affect thesame character.b. genes that are close together on the same chromosometend to be transmitted together to offspring.c. genes that are on different chromosomes are independentlyassorted.d. none of the above.