Be sure to answer all parts. Draw the products of the following acid-base reaction. HSO4 H,SO, CH `CH3 draw structure . edit structure . conjugate acid conjugate base
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Draw the products of the following acid-base reaction.
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- Complete the equation for the reaction between each Lewis acid-base pair. In each equation, label which starting material is the Lewis acid and which is the Lewis base; use curved arrows to show the flow of electrons in each reaction. In doing this problem, it is essential that you show valence electrons for all atoms participating in each reaction. (a) (b) (c) (d)The following are equivalent ways of asking about the acidity of an H atom: • What is the most acidic H on the molecule? • Which H is associated with the published pKa value? • Which H on the molecule is easiest to remove? • Which H on the molecule takes the least energy to remove? • Which bond to an H is most polarized? • For which H atom is removal least uphill in energy? • Which bond to an H atom, when broken, results in the lowest PE conjugate base? We will often find the last of these questions is easiest to answer. To do this, find all the different Hatoms on the molecule, and draw all possible conjugate bases.Only the lowest-energy one is the “real” conjugate base. Identify this structure, and you have found the most acidic H. Use this strategy to find the most acidic H on each of the following molecules. Note: Each structure hasat least three different kinds of H’s, so draw at least three unique conjugate bases for each.For the previous four questions, label each molecule that appears in the question or your answer asstrong acid, strong base, weak acid, or weak base.
- Complete each acid-base reaction and predict whether the position of equilibrium lies toward the left or toward the right. (a) CH3CCH+CH3CH2ONa+CH3CH3OH (b) CH3CCCH2CH2OH+Na+NH2NH3(l)As we shall see in Chapter 19, hydrogens on a carbon adjacent to a carbonyl group are far more acidic than those not adjacent to a carbonyl group. The anion derived from acetone, for example, is more stable than is the anion derived from ethane. Account for the greater stability of the anion from acetone.Summarize the relationship between pKa and acid strength by completing the following sentences: a. The higher the pKa of an acid, the stronger or weaker the acid. b. The lower the pKa of an acid, the stronger or weaker the acid.
- A) for each compound show its conjugate base. lone pairs have been left out. B) rank the conjugate base in the order you would predict, from most to least stable. C) rank the original compounds in order, from strongest to weakest acid.Propoxide (CH3CH2CH2O- ) is a larger molecule than ethoxide (CH3CH2O- ), yet they are equally basic. Explain why they are equally basic.Which is a stronger base: RO- or RS-?
- Label each molecule according to increasing acidity with 1 as the weakest and 4 as the strongest based on their structure. Explain.For the following molecules, identify the acidic hydrogens from among those that are bolded. For each acidic hydrogen that you identify, draw the conjugate base that results from a base removing that acidic hydrogen. For molecules with more than one acidic hydrogen, draw a separate conjugate base for each one.Name the following molecules, then rank their basicities in decreasing order (1 = most basic, 3 = least basic).