Because bacteria are able to replicate at high rates, they aresubjected to mistakes or mutations being made in their nucleo-tide sequence. For example, the nucleotide sequence in a genecoding for a protein might be AATTGGCCA but because ofmutation might become GGTTGGCCA. How may such a mu-tation become beneficial to the bacterium? How may it becomeharmful?
Bacterial Genomics
The study of the morphological, physiological, and evolutionary aspects of the bacterial genome is referred to as bacterial genomics. This subdisciplinary field aids in understanding how genes are assembled into genomes. Further, bacterial or microbial genomics has helped researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and other microbes.
Transformation Experiment in Bacteria
In the discovery of genetic material, the experiment conducted by Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumonia proved to be a stepping stone.
Plasmids and Vectors
The DNA molecule that exists in a circular shape and is smaller in size which is capable of its replication is called Plasmids. In other words, it is called extra-chromosomal plasmid DNA. Vectors are the molecule which is capable of carrying genetic material which can be transferred into another cell and further carry out replication and expression. Plasmids can act as vectors.
Because bacteria are able to replicate at high rates, they are
subjected to mistakes or mutations being made in their nucleo-
tide sequence. For example, the
coding for a protein might be AATTGGCCA but because of
mutation might become GGTTGGCCA. How may such a mu-
tation become beneficial to the bacterium? How may it become
harmful?
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