All of the following statements about polioviruses are correct except _____. a. Poliovirus vaccines are produced in both inactivated and live-attenuated forms. b. The oral poliovirus vaccine is composed of three liveattenuated viral strains. c. Poliovirus infects both humans and cattle. d. If genetic reversion of strain 3 occurs when the virus is replicating in vaccinated people, pathogenesis may occur. e. In the United States, the recommended vaccine for poliovirus is the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV).

All of the following statements about polioviruses are correct except _____. a. Poliovirus vaccines are produced in both inactivated and live-attenuated forms. b. The oral poliovirus vaccine is composed of three liveattenuated viral strains. c. Poliovirus infects both humans and cattle. d. If genetic reversion of strain 3 occurs when the virus is replicating in vaccinated people, pathogenesis may occur. e. In the United States, the recommended vaccine for poliovirus is the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV).

Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (MindTap Course List)

5th Edition

ISBN:9781305117396

Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter10: Biotechnology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2CT

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for an individual who lacks CCR5 as a result of a homozygous defect in the CCR5 gene becoming infected with HIV? a. The mutated CCR5 genes reverted to the normal form, rendering macrophages susceptible to macrophagetropic HIV variants. b. The macrophage-tropic HIV variant entered host cells using CD4 alone. c. The viral nucleic acid alone was taken up by cells, as in cell transformation by bacterial DNA. d. The individual had received a transplant of HIV-infected cells expressing normal CCR5. e. The primary infection involved a lymphocyte-tropic strain of HIV that used CXCR4 as its co-receptor.
Moderna and Pfizer vaccines for COVID-19 use mRNA to the Spike protein combined with lipids. Which of the following is/are advantages of this type of vaccine compared to an inactivated virus vaccine? Select ALL correct answers. a) The vaccine is more stable for transport. b) The vaccine does not contain the virus so it cannot give you COVID-19. c) The vaccine can be rapidly produced in a slightly different form to protect from variants of SARS-CoV-2. d) The vaccine does not need a booster.
We now have at least three SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 vaccines approved by the FDA for use in the United States. These vaccines cause cells in the body to make the spike protein that is on the surface of the virus, and subsequently, stimulate an antibody response to this antigen. A. What do these antibodies do to prevent infection by SARS-CoV-2? How do they interact with the virus particles? B. Which kind of cells in the immune system are responsible for synthesizing these antibodies?
To test what is the optimal vaccine for disease X, we vaccinated 4 people at different concentrations of killed pathogen. a. Is it an active or passive vaccine? Explain your answer. b. Which of the subjects was vaccinated with a high concentration of killed pathogen? Which of the people get a very low concentration of Killed pathogen? Explain your answer. c. If an epidemic breaks out 100 days after the first vaccination, which of the people in the figure should be vaccinated so as not to Will get sick? Which vaccine will you choose? d. Describe in words and illustration what the response of the vaccine will look like in person 1 and in person 3 following another vaccine 70 Days after the first vaccination. What feature of the immune system is expressed here? e. . Is it the innate or acquired immune system? Explain your answer. f. If an epidemic of another disease breaks out, are these people vaccinated against it? Explain your answer.What feature of the immune system is expressed here?
The Sabin vaccine contains ______. A) a mixture of bacteria and live, attenuated poliovirus B) a piece of the poliovirus C) inactivated poliovirus D) live, unattended poliovirus
Choose the correct answer : Human Papillomaviruses are characterised by all of the following EXCEPT: A. A genome of double-stranded circular DNA encoding around eight open reading frame B. These viruses are small naked and icosahedral C. The most likely source of the HPV to humans is camels D. They replicate in dividing cells and encodes three oncogenic proteins E5, E6 and E7 E. HPV serotypes 14, 16, 18, 31, 45 are known to cause cervical cancer
You have been hired by a major pharmaceutical company to develop a new vaccine toprevent COVID-19 infection and spread.a. What is a virus? Describe the viral life cycle. (3 marks)b. Describe the difference between an antiviral drug and a vaccine. (1 mark)c. What are three qualities you would prioritize when developing this new vaccine forCOVID-19 that you would want in the end-product? (6 marks) Note: Qualities should be overarching characteristics of the developed drug, not specifics regarding various molecular mechanisms of action
Antigenic shifts in influenza viruses are represented by dra-matic changes in the viral antigens. It is likely they arise fromrare events in which:(a) Two different influenza viruses infect a cell at the sametime(b) Two separate viruses undergo lysogenic conversion(c) Two viruses conjugate(d) Mutations accumulate(e) All of the above
According to the article which was written before the COVID-19 vaccine was created, when do people turn to magic? How can this tendency, which happens across cultures and throughout history, contribute to the current spread of the novel coronavirus and its variants?
Each year, hundreds of millions of people get sick from diseases like Zika, Dengue Fever, and Yellow Fever that are spread by mosquitoes. Some scientists are investigating the possibility of curbing these mosquito-borne diseases by genetically modifying the mosquitoes, such that they become less able to either reproduce or to carry the disease-causing microbes. Should genetically modified mosquitoes be released into the environment to combat these viruses?
Which of the following is a commonality between coxsackievirus A16 infection and a varicella zoster infection?Choose one: A. Both infections are caused by viruses in the herpes family. B. Each disease is usually mild and self-limiting in children but is more severe in adults. C. Both viruses can cause a spotted rash to appear on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. D. There is a vaccine available for both viruses.
Some older vaccines used a weakened strain of the pathogenic virus in the injection in the hope that the weakened virus would induce an immune response without causing disease. The virus vectors used in genetic engineering have all the harmful virus genes cut out and replaced with the foreign gene, such as one that makes a protein that is absent in the human patient. Which type of viral vaccine would you prefer to take as the safest option? Why? Some Covid 19 vaccines in development use the adenovirus, a common vector used in gene therapies, to inject the mRNa for the spike protein into human muscle cells. Why might vaccines using a virus vector be more likely to need only refrigeration and not deep-cold storage, given what you know about viruses?