) Below are some events that occur in the process of translating mRNA into a protein in a bacterial cell. Pick the best order of events. EF-G–GTP binds to the tRNA in the A site and causes the tRNA to advance to the P site. - The rRNA in the ribosomal 30S subunit base-pairs with the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in the mRNA. - Peptide bond forms between the growing amino acid chain in the P site and the new amino acid in the A site. - IF-3 binds in the E site. - RRF binds in the A site. - RF-1 or -2 binds in the A site. - Ribosomal complex dissociates. - Peptide chain dissociates from final tRNA. - fMET tRNA binds to the start codon in the mRNA. - RF-3–GTP causes displacement of RF-1 or -2 and its exit from the ribosome. - EF-G–GTP binds to the A site and causes RRF to shift to the P site. - A conformational change in the 30S subunit allows the 50S subunit to bind, forming the 70S ribosome.

) Below are some events that occur in the process of translating mRNA into a protein in a bacterial cell. Pick the best order of events. EF-G–GTP binds to the tRNA in the A site and causes the tRNA to advance to the P site. - The rRNA in the ribosomal 30S subunit base-pairs with the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in the mRNA. - Peptide bond forms between the growing amino acid chain in the P site and the new amino acid in the A site. - IF-3 binds in the E site. - RRF binds in the A site. - RF-1 or -2 binds in the A site. - Ribosomal complex dissociates. - Peptide chain dissociates from final tRNA. - fMET tRNA binds to the start codon in the mRNA. - RF-3–GTP causes displacement of RF-1 or -2 and its exit from the ribosome. - EF-G–GTP binds to the A site and causes RRF to shift to the P site. - A conformational change in the 30S subunit allows the 50S subunit to bind, forming the 70S ribosome.

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter15: Genes And Proteins

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3VCQ: Figure 15.16 Many antibiotics inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. For example, tetracycline blocks...

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Vaccina virus (used in the polio vaccine) produces an enzyme that takes the 5’ cap off of the mRNAs in the eukaryotic cells it infects. Besides allowing degradation of the host’s mRNA, what step in translation of the host’s mRNAs does this prevent? Group of answer choices Movement of tRNA from the A site to the P site tRNA binding to the A site Recognition of the stop codon Ribosome small subunit from binding mRNA Movement of the tRNA from the P site to the A site
Here is the sequence of a portion of a bacterial gene. The template strand is on the bottom: 5’-ATGCTGCGTGCATGGGATATAGGTAGCACACGTCC-3’ 3’-TACGACGCACGTACCC TATATCC ATCGTGTGCAGG-5’ Q) Find the initiation and stop codons in this mRNA?
Here is the sequence of a portion of a bacterial gene. The template strand is on the bottom: 5’-ATGCTGCGTGCATGGGATATAGGTAGCACACGTCC-3’ 3’-TACGACGCACGTACCC TATATCC ATCGTGTGCAGG-5’ (a) Assuming that transcription starts with the first C in the template strand, and continues to the end, what would be the sequence of the mRNA derived from this fragment? (b) Find the initiation and stop codons in this mRNA
Here is the sequence of a portion of a bacterial gene. The template strand is on the bottom:5’-ATGCTGCGTGCATGGGATATAGGTAGCACACGTCC-3’3’-TACGACGCACGTACCC TATATCC ATCGTGTGCAGG-5’(a) Assuming that transcription starts with the first C in the template strand, and continues to the end, what would be the sequence of the mRNA derived from this fragment? (b) Find the initiation and stop codons in this mRNA. (c) Would there be an effect on translation of changing the fourth T in the template strand to a C? If so, what effect? (d) Would there be an effect on translation of changing the fourth A in the template strand to a C? If so, what effect?
During the initiation stage of translation in bacteria, which of the following events occur(s)? a. IF1 and IF3 bind to the 30S subunit. b. The mRNA binds to the 30S subunit and tRNAfMet binds to the start codon in the mRNA. c. IF2 hydrolyzes its GTP and is released; the 50S subunit binds to the 30S subunit. d. All of the above events occur.
In bacterial genes, as soon as any partial mRNA transcript is produced by the RNA polymerase system, the ribosome assembles on it and starts translating. Draw a diagram of this process, identifying 5′ and 3′ ends of mRNA, the COOH and NH2 ends of the protein, the RNA polymerase, and at least one ribosome. Why couldn’t this system work in eukaryotes?
Here is the sequence of a portion of a bacterial gene. The template strand is on the bottom: 5’-ATGCTGCGTGCATGGGATATAGGTAGCACACGTCC-3’ 3’-TACGACGCACGTACCC TATATCC ATCGTGTGCAGG-5’ Assuming that transcription starts with the first C in the template strand, and continues to the end, what would be the sequence of the mRNA derived from this fragment? Q) Would there be an effect on translation of changing the fourthA in the template strand to a C? If so, what effect?
Here is the sequence of a portion of a bacterial gene. The template strand is on the bottom: 5’-ATGCTGCGTGCATGGGATATAGGTAGCACACGTCC-3’ 3’-TACGACGCACGTACCC TATATCC ATCGTGTGCAGG-5’ Assuming that transcription starts with the first C in the template strand, and continues to the end, what would be the sequence of the mRNA derived from this fragment? Q) Would there be an effect on translation of changing the fourthT in the template strand to a C? If so, what effect?
Of the following, which is a modification made to the pre-mRNA of eukaryotes before translation? a. The 5’ end receives a poly-A tail b. All of the above c. The 3’ end receives a cap d. Introns are cut out and exons are spliced together
. In bacterial genes, as soon as any partial mRNA transcriptis produced by the RNA polymerase system, the ribosome assembles on it and starts translating. Draw a diagram of this process, identifying 5′ and 3′ ends of mRNA,the COOH and NH2 ends of the protein, the RNA polymerase, and at least one ribosome. Why couldn’t this system work in eukaryotes?
Which of the following would probably cause the most severe damage to a gene's expression and phenotype a. A missense mutation changing the first methionine codon to an arginine codon. b. A deletion of a base in the 455th codon of a 456-amino acid protein. c. Alteration of a UGG codon to a UGA codon at position 324 of a 324 amino acid protein. d. Mutation of a GUC codon (valine) to a GUU codon (valine).
Which of the following statements best describes the initiation of translation? A) The large and small ribosomal subunits scan the mRNA in the 3'–5' direction until the promoter is reached. B) A tRNA with the anticodon, AUG, enters the ribosomal complex and binds to the mRNA at the A site. C) The mRNA containing the start codon, AUG, sits at the P site and forms a complex with the corresponding tRNA, and the large and small ribosomal subunits. D) The mRNA attaches to the large ribosomal subunit and once the start codon reaches the A site, the tRNA binds and the small subunit completes the complex.