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- A number of genes that control expression of Hox genes in Drosophila have been identified. One of these homozygous mutants is extra sex combs, where some of the head and all of the thorax and abdominal segments develop as the last abdominal segment. In other words, all affected segments develop as posterior segments. What does this phenotype tell you about which set of Hox genes is controlled by the extra sex combs gene?Name three genes whose mutations lead to an altered behavioral phenotype. Briefly describe the normal function of the mutated gene as well as the altered phenotype.Explain Maternal effect mutants affecting AP axis patterning
- The most common phenotype of a Drosophila fly in nature is called Choose 1 answer from below: wild type. wildebeest. wild thing. a and b, but not c None of the aboveConsider the following variations in Drosophila melanogaster, relative to the wild-type: White eyes are a recessive trait—the gene of which is found in Chromosome I (X). Vestigial wings are a recessive trait—the gene of which is found in Chromosome II. Aristapedia is a dominant trait—the gene of which is found in Chromosome III. Being homozygous for this condition is lethal. Cross the following mutant females with a wild-type (homozygous) male. Show the Punnett square and obtain the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the first filial generation (F1). Female with white eyes Q4: Show the Punnett squares and obtain the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the first filial generation (F1) and second filial generation (F2) of the following crosses. Note: The F2 generation can be obtained by crossing one male and one female from the F1 generation. Female with white eyes and vestigial wings and wild-type male. Certain people are able to taste the chemical phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) when it is present in wet filter paper. These people are called 'tasters'. Others are unable to detect PTC and have the 'nontaster' phenotype. PTC tasting is an example of variation in sensory perception, and the genetic basis is thought to be rather simple. The ability to taste PTC is attributed to a dominant allele, denoted T, located on chromosome 7. The recessive allele is designated t. From analysis of pedigrees, 259 taster children and 278 non taster progeny were observed where one parent was heterozygous and could 'taste' PTC and the other parent was a 'nontaster'. Does this data set support the suggestion that his variation is due to a simple Mendelian pattern?
- provide one example from the Drosophila AP toolkit for "Toolkit genes can be classified according to the phenotypes caused by their mutation. Similar mutant phenotypes often reflect genes that function in a single developmental pathway. Distinct pathways exist for the generation of body axes, for example, and for the formation and identity of fields."The following table summarises the results of the 2022-2023 Drosophila three-point cross involving the loci white eyes (w), miniature wings (m) and singed bristles (sn). The data is also available in the Excel file 'Drosophila Counts 2022-2023'. We strongly recommend working in Excel during this exercise.Phenotype Count+ + + 584w m sn 324w + + 227+ m sn 150+ m + 134w + sn 196 + + sn 134 w m + 92The aim of today's tutorial is to use the above data to establish the genetic map for these three loci. We have been told that all three loci are on the X chromosome; however, as scientists, we shouldn't simply take someone else's word for it - we need to test whether our data does, in fact, indicate linkage.As a first step, we will therefore conduct a chi-square test in order to test our data against the null hypothesis of independent assortment (i.e., "no…Explain what detrmine that inversions have phenotypic effects
- What is positional information? What are three different ways that cells obtain positional information? Which of these ways do you think is the most important for the formation of a segmented body pattern in Drosophila?In 1988, neurologists in Australia reported the existence of identical twins who had developed myoclonic epilepsy in their teens. One twin remained only mildly affected by this condition, but the other twin later developed other symptoms of full-blown MERRF, including deafness, ragged red fibers, and ataxia (loss of the ability to control muscles). Explain the phenotypic dissimilarity in these identical twins.A mutation in the gene "tan" in fruit flies results in a lack of pigmentation. The same mutation also negatively impacts vision in flies, and also alters the pheromones produced by the flies. Based on this information, this mutation can be called ... epistatic pleiotropic partially penetrant co-dominant All of the above
