Br2(l) ↔Br2(g)   a. 373oC b. 44oC c. 177oC d.  85oC e. 59oC

Q: For the reaction below, the enthalpy change is ΔH = –566 kJ/mol. Increasing the temperature of the…

A: The given chemical reaction as follows,2CO(g)+O2(g)⇌2CO2(g)  : ∆H  =-566 kJmol We are asked what…

Q: A process cannot be spontaneous if_ O it is exothermic, and there is an increase in disorder O it is…

A: ∆G= ∆H -T∆S for a spontaneous reaction free energy should be always negative.

Q: The enthalpy of vaporization of methanol (CH30H) is 35.3 kJ/mol at the boiling point of 64.2 °C.…

A: formuls for this is: entropy change = enthalapy of vapourisation/Boilling temp.

Q: What is the change in Gibbs Free Energy  in joules for the following reaction at room tempature?…

A: Given reaction and information,       H2(g) + I2(g) → 2HI (g)           K=794

Q: Given the reaction: NO2(g) NO(g) + O2(g) (H = +62 Kj), if the temperature is increased, the…

A: Given ;- NO2(g) <-----> NO(g) + O2(g)  H = +62 kJ  statement : if the temperature is…

Q: Which of the following are spontaneous processes? 1. Ice melting at 1atm and 298 K (assume only ice…

A:

Q: As O2(l) is cooled at 1 atm, it freezes at 54.5 K to form solid I. At a lower temperature, solid I…

A: The expression that will be used to determine the temperature at which solids I and II are in…

Q: H20(s) --> H20(1) When ice melts at its normal melting point, 273.16 K and 1 atmosphere, which of…

A:

Q: What is ΔG° at 25 ºC for a process that has ΔH° = −35.4 kJ/mol and ΔS° = −153 J/mol·K? 45.6 kJ/mol…

A: Given: ΔH° = −35.4 kJ/mol  ΔS° = −153 J/mol·K Temperature T =  25 ºC = 273 + 25 = 298 K

Q: Estimate the normal boiling point of titanium tetrachloride, TiCl4, at 1 atm pressure, using the…

A: Since the normal boiling point of any molecule is given by  Tb = ΔHeva / ΔSeva  where ΔHeva = change…

Q: All changes saved 1. A glass of ice water is placed on a table on a hot afternoon. Condensation…

A: When ice is taken in a glass kept at the table on a hot afternoon, the condensation of water vapour…

Q: a. Butane melts at -134 °C and boils -0.56°C. The heat of vaporization is 22.44 kJ/mol. What is the…

A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve first one for you. For remaining question,…

Q: nickel, Ni, the heat of fusion at its normal melting point of 1453 °C is 17.6 kJ/mol. The entropy…

A: A(s) <--------> A(l)   ΔG = 0  ΔG = ΔH - TΔS 0 = ΔH - TΔS ΔS = ΔH/T ΔS(fusion) = ΔHfusion/T T…

Q: 3. Consider the dissolution of NH,NO, in a chemical cold pack a. Is the process spontaneous? b. Is…

A: Those reaction in which energy is absorbed are known as the endothermic reactions while the…

Q: er antimony, Sb, the heat of fusion at its normal melting point of 631 °C is 19.6 kJ/mol. ne entropy…

A: Question is based on the concept of chemical thermodynamics. enthalpy of fusion is defined as the…

Q: What is the entropy change (in J/K) associated with the formation of 15.0 g of SO2 for the reaction…

A:

Q: Is the change from liquid to gaseous H2O favored or unfavored by ΔH? By ΔS?

A: Conversion of water molecules into vapor state state at its boiling point of water is called…

Q: Predict the sign of delta S for both of the following processes. I. 2C(graphite) + O2(g) → 2CO(g)…

A:

Q: Consider the following liquid-vapor equilibrium for chloroform: CHCl3(l) ⇌  CHCl3(g), for which DHo…

A:

Q: Consider the following reaction: CaCO3 (s) CaO (s) + CO2 (g) ΔΗ = + 177.8 kJ According to Le…

A: According to Le Chatelier's principle, if the equilibrium is disturbed by any factor then the…

Q: What phase change is spontaneous (AG < 0) regardless of temperature? boiling freezing no phase…

A: Spontaneity is dependent on temperature—some processes are spontaneous at some temperatures, and…

Q: Does entropy increase or decrease for 2H2S(g) +  SO2(g) à  3S(s)  +  2H2O(g) Explain

A: The entropy is a measure of the degree of randomness. if a system goes from a more arranged form to…

Q: What is the value of the enthalpy of formation of lithium chloride solid?

A: The enthalpy of formation is the standard reaction enthalpy for the formation of the compound from…

Q: Consider two processes: sublimation of I2(s) and melting of I2(s). (Note: the latter process can…

A:

Q: Using the thermodynamic information: 1/2 N2(g) + 1/2 02(g)--> N0(g) delta H degrees = 90.4 kJ/mol…

A:

Q: When an instant hot pack is activated, aqueous sodium acetate crystallizes to form a solid and heat…

A: Given, At the point when a moment hot pack is enacted, aqueous sodium acetate derivation solidifies…

Q: The boiling point of carbon disulfide is 46.3oC at 1.0 atm, and its enthalpy of vaporization is…

A:

Q: A certain reaction has ∆?°= -19.5KJ and ∆S°= 42.7 J/K, does the reaction lead to an increase or…

A: Entropy is measure of randomness or disorderness in the system. More the entropy, more is…

Q: Consider the reaction.   2Fe2O3⟶4Fe+3O2      Δ?∘rxn=+824.2 kJ The formation of 77.0 g77.0 g of Fe…

A: Molar mass of Fe = 55.845 g/mol  4 moles of Fe = 223.38 gm  Means, 223.38 g Fe forms with absorption…

Q: Calculate the entropy change of the surroundings when 15.2 g of solid iodine sublimes at 25.0 °C.…

A:

Q: Consider the reaction: 2A(g) + B(g) → 2C(g) If ΔG° = −5.4 kJ/mol at T = 25°C and PA = PB = 1 atm and…

A: For the given reaction: 2A(g) + B(g) → 2C(g)   ΔG° = −5.4 kJ/mol T = 25°C = 25+273 K = 298 K PA = PB…

Q: The forward reaction of the following equilibrium reaction is favored by: 2NO(g) + O2(g) 2NO2(g) +…

A: Given, 2NO(g) + O2(g) &lt;-&gt; 2NO2(g) + Energy Moles of a sample = 3.00 moles Amount of energy…

Q: which has more entropy per mole at a given temprature 2 mol O (g) or 1 mol O2(g)

A:

Q: What is the energy of system A? 15 What is the energy of system B? 16 9J 8J 6J In how many ways can…

A:

Q: Calculate K, for H,0(g) + %0,(g)=H,0,(g) using the following data: H,(g)+ O,(g)=H,0,(g) K, = 2.3 ×…

A: H2g +O2 g ⇔H2O2 g..................1     Kp1 =2.3×1062 H2g +O2 g ⇔2H2O g................2    Kp2…

Q: 1) Given the following balanced equations, determine which is in a more disordered state. a. H₂O(l)…

A: Given,

Q: which statement about entropy is true? non-spontaneous reactions sometimes will happen all by…

A:

Q: A 870-g quantity of a substance is at its melting point of -117.9°C in the liquid state. The heat of…

A:

Q: Determine the temperature (in kelvin) at phase change for the following reaction: 2 HgO(s) 2 Hgs) +…

A: Given reaction is, 2HgO(s)↔2Hg(s) + O2(g)

Q: Predict the sign of the free energy change of the system for each of the following phase changes…

A: Gibbs free energy tells about the spontaneity of a given reaction. The change in Gibbs free energy…

Q: Which process is not reversible? O melting wax dissolving sugar in water O burning butane in a…

A: Reaction would not be reversible if it is not turn back by any process 1. Melting of wax is a…

Q: The CO2 sublimation heat is 16.2 kJ/mol and the entropy value of sublimation is 88.5 joules/mol. k…

A: Sublimation is the process in which solid subtance directly converted into gaseous form.  Chemical…

Q: N2(g) + O2(g) 2 NO(g)   H = +180.7 kJ 2 H2O(l) 2 H2(g) + O2(g)   H = +571.7 kJ 4 NH3(g) + 5 O2(g)…

A: given,  reaction 1: N2(g) + O2(g)⇔ 2 NO(g)       H= +180.7 kJ reaction 2: 2 H2O(l) ⇔ 2 H2(g) + O2(g)…

Q: What is the change in entropy for the vaporization of 27.0 g of H2O at 100°C? At this temperature,…

A: The molar enthalpy of vaporization of water is 44.0 kJ/mol which is equal to 44000 J/mol. The heat…

Q: Carbon monoxide, a toxic product from the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, reacts with water…

A: Spontaneity of a reaction can be predicted by calculating the value of Gibbs free energy change. For…

Q: Under what conditions is N2 O3(g) ⟶ NO(g) + NO2(g) spontaneous?

A: to calculate spontaneity of reaction we have the formula ∆G°298 =∆H-T∆S° where, ∆H= change in…

Q: Using the information in the table below, for which of these substances will vaporization be…

A: For vaporization of each substance calculate ∆G° . If its value comes out to be negative, then it is…

Q: The element gallium (Ga) freezes at 29.8°C its ΔHfus = 5.59 kJ/ mol. Calculate the value of ΔS when…

A: Here we have to determine entropy change to freeze 30 g of gallium (l) to gallium (s) at it's…

Q: Calculate ΔS° for each of the following reactions. Explain the sign of ΔS° based on the molecular…

A: Entropy is defined as the degree of randomness or disorderliness of the System.   if the molecules…

Thermochemistry

Thermochemistry can be considered as a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the connections between warmth, work, and various types of energy, formed because of different synthetic and actual cycles. Thermochemistry describes the energy changes that occur as a result of reactions or chemical changes in a substance.    

Exergonic Reaction

The term exergonic is derived from the Greek word in which ‘ergon’ means work and exergonic means ‘work outside’. Exergonic reactions releases work energy. Exergonic reactions are different from exothermic reactions, the one that releases only heat energy during the course of the reaction. So, exothermic reaction is one type of exergonic reaction. Exergonic reaction releases work energy in different forms like heat, light or sound. For example, a glow stick releases light making that an exergonic reaction and not an exothermic reaction since no heat is released. Even endothermic reactions at very high temperature are exergonic.