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- Exercise D24 Compare two policies: a tax cut on income or an increase in government spending on roads and bridges. What are both the short-term and long—term impacts of such policies on the economy?National Income DeterminationThe following figures are from data on Good Island EconomyItems $mNet private investment 940Depreciation 56Compensation of employees 2 256Corporate taxes 416Personal taxes 756Personal Consumption expenditure 4 386Government purchases 3 182Indirect business taxes minus subsidies 482Payment of factor income to the rest of the world 95Corporate profits minus dividends 56Government transfer payments and interest 243Exports 855Receipts of factor income from abroad 186Imports of goods and services 385Social insurance payments 332 Required: Use the above information to answer the followingi.) Calculate for Good Island:a. Gross private investment b. Gross Domestic product c. Gross National Product d. Net National Product e. National income f. Personal Income g. Disposable Personal IncomeSuppose the data BELOW is for a given year from the annual Economic Report of the President. Calculate GDP using the expenditure approach (Amount in billions of dollars): Corporate profits: $ 305Depreciation: $ 479Gross private domestic investment: $716Personal taxes: $ 565Personal saving: $120Government spending: 924Imports: $ 547Exports: $ 427Personal consumption expenditures: $ 2,966Indirect business taxes: $ 370Contributions for Social Security (FICA): $ 394Transfer payments and other income: $ 967
- a. This is a list of domestic output and national income figures for a certain year. All figures are in billions. The questions that follow ask you to determine the major national income measures by both the expenditures and the income approaches. The results you obtain with the different methods should be the same. b. Now determine NI in two ways: first, by making the required additions or subtractions from NDP (method 1); and second, by adding up the types of income and taxes that make up NI (method 2). c. Adjust NI (from part b) as required to obtain PI. d. Adjust PI (from part c) as required to obtain DI.Suppose you are given the following data for a particular economy (unit: Millions of Euros):Gross National Income mp (GNImp) =1650Investment (I) = 220(Iliq) Net investment = 210Private consumption(C) =1100Net External Income (NEI) = 0Net Indirect Taxes (NIT) = 231Public Spending (G) = 363 Calculate: a) Balance of Goods and Services or Net Exports (NX) and Amortizations/Depreciations (A). b) Net National Product at Base Prices (NNPbp) and Net Domestic Product at Base Prices (NDPbp)The table below gives some of the items in the U.S. National Income and ProductAccounts in 1995.ItemAmount(trillions ofdollars)Consumption expenditure 4.97Investment 1.14Government expenditures 1.37Net exports 0.08Wages 4.20Interest, rent, and profit 1.68Depreciation 0.89a) Use the expenditure approach to calculate U.S. GDP in 1995.b) Use the income approach to calculate U.S. net domestic product at factor cost in
- Y=C0+C1(Y-T)+I+G, C0=100 dollars, C1=0.8 (1) Suppose that tax collection (t) increases as much as 200 dollars. What would be its effect on national income? (2) Suppose that government expenditure (G) and tax collection (T) increases as much as 200 dollars, respectively. What would be its effect on national income?Use the information in the table below to answer Q.3.1 to Q.3.3:GDP at market prices R397bnNet primary income payments to the rest ofthe worldR37bnIndirect taxes R23bnSubsidies R11bn Consumption of fixed capital R32bn Q.3.3 Calculate the value of net national income (NNI) at factor cost.Use the information in the table below to answer Q.3.1 to Q.3.3:GDP at market prices R397bnNet primary income payments to the rest ofthe worldR37bnIndirect taxes R23bnSubsidies R11bnConsumption of fixed capital R32bnQ.3.1 Calculate the value of gross national income (GNI) at market prices.Q.3.3 Calculate the value of net national income (NNI) at factor cost.Q.3.4 Identify the two major accounts of the balance of payments and explain the keydifference between the two accounts.Q.3.5 Define the term, “inflation” and indicate the index that is used to measure the rateof inflation.
- Government spending (as a percentage of gross domestic expenditure) hasincreased significantly over the past decades. Explain any two reasons for thistrend.The following set of equations describes the economy of a country A, in Africa C = 2000 + 0.75Id consumption equation I = 36000 investment G = 36000 Government Expenditure X = 2550 Exports M = 410 + 0.3Y Import equation T = 100 + 0.25Y Tax equation Compute the equilibrium National Income and imports for the country A Complete the tax multiplier and the Government spending multiplier Compute the equilibrium income and consumptionAssume there are only two producing sector Y & Z in an economy. Calculatea) Gross value added at market price by each sector b) National income from the followings:Items Amount in CroresNet factor income from abroad- 20Sales by Y= 1000Sales by Z= 2000Change in stock of Z= -200C Closingstock of Y= 50 Opening stock of Y= 100Consumption of fixed capital by Y & Z= 180Indirect taxes paid by Y & Z= 120Purchase of raw material by Y= 500Purchase of raw material by Z= 600Exports by Z= 70
