Control structures
Control structures are block of statements that analyze the value of variables and determine the flow of execution based on those values. When a program is running, the CPU executes the code line by line. After sometime, the program reaches the point where it has to make a decision on whether it has to go to another part of the code or repeat execution of certain part of the code. These results affect the flow of the program's code and these are called control structures.
Switch Statement
The switch statement is a key feature that is used by the programmers a lot in the world of programming and coding, as well as in information technology in general. The switch statement is a selection control mechanism that allows the variable value to change the order of the individual statements in the software execution via search.
1. Examine the following code segment. What will be printed?
If there are any errors indicate the nature of each error.
int a[7] = { 31, 12, 32, 14, 25, 16, 27 };
int *ptr ;
ptr = & a[ 2 ] ;
for( i = 1; i <= 5; i = i + 2)
cout << *( ptr + i ) ;
cout << a[0] << *ptr << *ptr - 2 << *(ptr - 1)) << endl;
Error:
The variable i is not declared.
Nature:
The variable i is used in for loop but never been declared.
Declare variable i before its use:
int i;
Error:
Double closing parenthesis in the last cout statement.
Nature:
The parenthesis is used to point the value of pointer but there is one opening parenthesis and two closing parentheses.
Eliminate extra parenthesis from the code:
cout << a[0] << *ptr << *ptr - 2 << *(ptr - 1) << endl;
Enbaded given code segement within the program:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
//declare integer i
int i;
int a[7] = { 31, 12, 32, 14, 25, 16, 27 };
int *ptr ;
ptr = & a[ 2 ] ;
for( i = 1; i <= 5; i = i + 2)
cout << *( ptr + i ) ;
//remove extra closing parenthesis
cout << a[0] << *ptr << *ptr - 2 << *(ptr - 1) << endl;
return 0;
}
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