Certain cells that line the stomach synthesize a digestive enzyme and then release it in large amounts into the stomach. Which of the following processes could be responsible for its release out of the cell?
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- When William H. was helping victims after a devastating earthquake in a region not prepared to swiftly set up adequate temporary shelter, he developed severe diarrhea. He was diagnosed as having cholera, a disease transmitted through unsanitary water supplies contaminated by fecal material from infected indiv iduals. The toxin produced by cholera bacteria causes Cl- channels in the lurninal membranes of the intestinal cells to stay open, thereby increasing the secretion of Cl- from the cells into the intestinal tract lumen. By what mechanisms would Na+ and water be secreted into the lumen in conjunction with Cl- secretion? How does this secretory response account for the severe diarrhea that is characteristic of cholera?How does a cell maintain theright amount of every component(organelles, molecules), and how doesit change these amounts as needed(for example, to greatly expand theendoplasmic reticulum when the cellneeds to produce large amounts ofsecreted proteins)?The cells lining the small intestine rapidly move large quantities of glucose from the glucose-rich food into their glucose-poor cytoplasm. Using this information which transport mechanism is most probably functioning in the intestinal cells? a) simple diffusion b) phagocytosis c) active transport pump d) exocytosis e) Facilitated diffusion
- The result of completed apoptosis of a cell is apoptotic bodies, which are numerous vesicles of the dead cell contents, including reactive enzymes, chromatin and mitochrondria. How are these apoptotic bodies then full digested and removed from the body?The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following structures is primarily involved in this process and therefore abundant in liver cells? Select one: A. lysosomes B. nuclear envelope C. smooth ER D. Golgi apparatus E. rough ERSecretory vesicles fuse with the cell membrane to release their contents to the outside of the cell. In this process, the membrane of the secretory vesicle becomes part of the cell membrane because small pieces of the membrane are continually added to the cell membrane, one would expect the cell membrane to become larger and larger as secretion continues. The cell membrane stays the same size, however. Explain how this happens.
- Vacuoles are fluid-filled organellespresent in some cells.Which function isNOT normally performed by vacuoles?Which of the following processes results in the formation of food vesicle within the cell whose contents will subsequently be digested by enzymes in the lysosome a) receptor mediated endocytosis b) phagocytosis c) pinocytosis d) exocytosisWhich of the following protects the body against infectious disease and foreign invaders? [A] Leukocytes [B] Red blood cells [C] Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) [D] Golgi apparatus
- ________ is the process of a cell taking in needed molecules from the extracellular fluid. a. Phagocytosis b. Receptor-mediated endocytosis c. PinocytosisWhich of the following is part of the extracellular matrix? A) All of the other answers are correct B) Proteoglycans C) Bax, Bak D) AKTs E) mTORWhat distinguishes mitochondria from other organelles is their unique property. Why is it referred to as the "powerhouse" of the cell?