3d 3. Using arrows, show how the following orbitals will fill with electrons. Electron Configuration 4s Зр 3s 2p 2s 1s 1s²2s²2p°3s² Mg 1s²2s²2p°3s²3p° CI 1s²2s°2p°3s²3p² Si Ti Is'2s°2p°3s°3p°4s°3d² aluminum lock of the periodic table is two groups wide, the p-block is six groups wide n groups wide. ny do the elements potassium and sodium have similar chemical a ement that: full 3rd energy level ctrons in the 2p level

3d 3. Using arrows, show how the following orbitals will fill with electrons. Electron Configuration 4s Зр 3s 2p 2s 1s 1s²2s²2p°3s² Mg 1s²2s²2p°3s²3p° CI 1s²2s°2p°3s²3p² Si Ti Is'2s°2p°3s°3p°4s°3d² aluminum lock of the periodic table is two groups wide, the p-block is six groups wide n groups wide. ny do the elements potassium and sodium have similar chemical a ement that: full 3rd energy level ctrons in the 2p level

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter7: Atomic Structure And Periodicity

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 180CP: Answer the following questions, assuming that ms, could have three values rather than two and that...

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Spectroscopic studies of Li also show that Zeff(2p)=1.02 . Estimate the energy of the 2p orbital of Li. Calculate the average distance of the electron from the nucleus in the 2p orbital of Li. Comparing your results with those in Problem 13 shows that the energy values differ by about 50%, whereas the average distances are nearly equal. Explain this observation.
For the Li atom, the energy difference between the ground state and the first excited state, in which the outermost electron is in a 2p orbital, is 2.961019J . In the Li2+ ion, the energy difference between the 2s and 2p levels is less than 0.00002 of this value. Explain this observation.
Using the periodic table and without looking at Table 7.3, write electron configurations for the following elements: (a) P (b) Zn (c) Zr (d) In (e) Pb (f) U Use the spdf and noble gas notations. When you have finished, check your answers with Table 7.3.
Estimate the probability of finding an electron which is excited into the 2s orbital of the H atom, looking in a cubical box of volume 0.751036m3 centered at the nucleus. Then estimate the probability of finding the electron if you move the volume searched to a distance of 105.8 pm from the nucleus in the positive z direction. (Note that since these volumes are small, it does not matter whether the volume searched is cubical or spherical.)
Identify the element that corresponds to each of the simplified photoelectron spectral data given below. (Energy data taken from D. A. Shirley, R. L Martin, S. P. Kowalczyk. F. R. McFeely, and L. Ley: Core-electron binding energies of the first thirty elements, Physical Review B, Vol. 15, pp. 544-552, 1977.) (a) There are peaks at energies of 64.8 and 5.4 eV, corresponding to 2 and 1 electrons, respectively. (b) There are peaks at energies of 3614, 384, 301, 40.9, 24.7, and 4.34 eV, corresponding to 2, 2, 6, 2, 6, and 1 electrons, respectively. (c) There are peaks at energies of 4494, 503, 404, 56.4, 33.6, 8.01, and 6.65 eV, corresponding to 2, 2, 6, 2, 6, 1, and 2 electrons, respectively.
Until recently, it was thought that Ca was unstable, and that the Ca atom therefore had a negative electron affinity. Some new experiments have now measured an electron affinity of +2.0kJmol1 for calcium. What is the longest wavelength of light that could remove an electron from Ca ? In which region of the electromagnetic spectrum does this light fall?
Identify the element that corresponds to each of the simplified photoelectron spectral data given below. (Energy data taken from D. A. Shirley, R. L. Martin, S. P. Kowalczyk. F. R. McFeely, and L Ley: Core-electron binding energies of the first thirty elements Physical Review B, Vol. 15, pp. 544-552, 1977.) (a) There are peaks at energies corresponding to 1079, 70.8, 38.0, 5.14 eV, corresponding to 2, 2, 6, and 1 electrons, respectively. (b) There are peaks at energies corresponding to 4043, 443, 351, 48.4, 30.1, and 6.11 eV, corresponding to 2, 2, 6, 2, 6, and 2 electrons, respectively. (c) There are peaks at energies corresponding to 5475, 638, 524, 77, 47, 12. and 7.3 eV, corresponding to 2, 2, 6, 2, 6, 3, and 2 electrons, respectively.
Sketch the major features (number of peaks and relative intensities for the peaks) of the expected photoelectron spectrum for atoms of nitrogen.
Answer the following questions, assuming that ms, could have three values rather than two and that the rules for n, l, and ml are the normal ones. a. How many electrons would an orbital be able to hold? b. How many elements would the first and second periods in the periodic table contain? c. How many elements would be contained in the first transition metal series? d. How many electrons would the set of 4f orbitals be able to bold?
Spectroscopic studies show that Li can have electrons in its 1s, 2s, and 2p Hartree orbitals, and that Zeff(2s)=1.28 for the 1s22s1 configuration. Estimate the energy of the 2s orbital of Li. Calculate the average distance of the electron from the nucleus in the 2s orbital of Li.
When metallic sodium is dissolved in liquid sodium chloride, electrons are released into the liquid. These dissolved electrons absorb light with a wavelength near 800 nm. Suppose we treat the positive ions surrounding an electron crudely as defining a three-dimensional cubic box of edge L, and we assume that the absorbed light excites the electron from its ground state to the first excited state. Calculate the edge length L in this simple model.
Photoelectron spectra were acquired from a sample of gaseous O2 using X-ray radiation with wavelength 0.99 nm and energy 1253.6 eV. The spectrum contained a large peak for photoelectrons with speed of 1.57107ms1 . Calculate the ionization energy of these electrons. Identify the orbital from which they were most likely emitted.