Look at the graph images and answer the questions on the other. The chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis(Bd) is an amphibian parasite. The data below show results from an experimentwhere two frog species were exposed to and infected with either a native strain of the chytrid (Bd-Brazil), a global pandemic lineage(Bd-GPL) or a hybrid strain, compared to a control (frogs were not exposed to the chytrid). Based on these data, showing the proportionof frogs surviving across the length of the experiment, which of the following are logical conclusions?1.01.00.80.8{ 0.60.6; 0.4- Bd-GPL0.4Bd-BrazilHybrid.. UnexposedcontrolO 0,20.2I. parvaВ. еphippium0.00.010203040102030405060(a)Days after exposure/infection(b)Days after exposure/infectionSurvival (proportion)Survival (proportion) Choose one or more:O A. Compared to the native chytrid strains (Bd-Brazil), the global pandemic lineage and hybrid strains appear tohave higher infection and mortality rates.O B. Compared to the native fungal strains (Bd-Brazil), the global pandemic lineage and hybrid strains appear tohave lower mortality rates.O C. Compared to the global pandemic chytrid lineage (Bd-GPL), the native and hybrid fungal strains appear tohave lower virulence (as determined by infection and mortality rates).O D. Compared to the native strains of fungus (Bd-Brazil), the global pandemic lineage and hybrid strains appearto have lower survival rates.

The parasites organisms are lived within the host and get benefited and causes harmful effect on the…

Answered: Choose one or more: O A. Compared to…

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter10: From Proteins To Phenotypes

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 23QP

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In recent years, honeybee colonies throughout North America have been decimated by colony collapse disorder (CCD), which results in the rapid deaths of worker bees. First noticed by beekeepers in 2004, the disorder has been responsible for the loss of 50% to 90% of beekeeping operations in the United States. Evidence suggests that CCD is caused by a pathogen. Diana Cox-Foster and her colleagues (D. Cox-Foster et al. 2007. Science 318:283–287) used a metagenomic approach to try to identify the causative agent of CCD by isolating DNA from normal honeybee hives and from hives that had experienced CCD. A number of different bacteria, fungi, and viruses were identified in the metagenomic analysis. The following table gives the percentage of CCD hives and non-CCD hives that tested positive for four potential pathogens identified in the metagenomic analysis. On the basis of these data, which potential pathogen appears most likely to be responsible for CCD? Explain your reasoning. Do these…
In recent years, honeybee colonies throughout North America have been decimated by colony collapse disorder (CCD), which results in the rapid deaths of worker bees. First noticed by beekeepers in 2004, the disorder has been responsible for the loss of 50% to 90% of beekeeping operations in the United States. Evidence suggests that CCD is caused by a pathogen. Diana Cox-Foster and her colleagues (D. Cox-Foster et al. 2007. Science 318:283–287) used a metagenomic approach to try to identify the causative agent of CCD by isolating DNA from normal honeybee hives and from hives that had experienced CCD. A number of different bacteria, fungi, and viruses were identified in the metagenomic analysis. The following table gives the percentage of CCD hives andnon-CCD hives that tested positive for four potential pathogens identified in the metagenomic analysis. On the basis of these data, which potential pathogen appears most likely to be responsible for CCD? Explain your reasoning. Do these data…
Scientists at Bikini Bottoms have been investigating the genetic makeup of the organisms in this community. Use the information provided and your knowledge of genetics to answer each question. For each genotype below, indicate whether it is heterozygous (Hetz) OR homozygous (Homz). TT _____ Bb _____ DD _____ Ff _____ tt _____ dd _____ Dd _____ ff _____ Tt _____ bb _____ BB _____ FF _____ Which of the genotypes in #1 would be considered purebred? ________________________________ Which of the genotypes in #1 would be hybrids? __________________________________________
A researcher studying two species (species 1 and species 2) sequences a short stretch of eight codons from the same gene, gene B, in each and compares them. Species 1 and species 2 had a most recent common ancestor 50 million years ago. Species 1: ATC GGG CGG GAC TTA CTA TAT GCC Species 2: ATT GGG CGG GAC TTG CTA TAT GCC Given the differences between the sequences of the two species' genes shown here, what evolutionary force can you predict is most likely in operation on gene B?
Steven Frank and Laurence Hurst argued that a cytoplasmically inherited mutation in humans that has severe effects in males but no effect in females will not be eliminated from a population by natural selection because only females pass on mtDNA (S. A. Frank and L. D. Hurst. 1996. Nature 383:224). Using this argument, explain why males with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy are more severely affected than females.
A neutral mutation arises in a diploid population of 10,000 individuals. Use this information to answer the following questions. a) What is the probability that the neutral allele goes to fixation? b) Assuming that the neutral mutation eventually goes to fixation, what is the expected time to fixation (in generations)?
An allele of the G6PD gene acts in a recessive manner to cause sensitivity to fava beans, resulting in ahemolytic reaction (lysis of red blood cells) afteringestion of the beans. The same allele also confersdominant resistance to malaria. The heterozygote hasan advantage in a region where malaria is prevalent.Will the equilibrium frequency (qe) be the same foran African and a North American country? Whatfactors affect qe?
You were tasked to conduct a population genetic survey of a diploid insect population. You obtained tissue samples from 20 individuals, ran a starch gel electrophoresis, and stained the gel for lactate dehydrogenase. Below is the result of your gel electrophoresis. Following up on Question 1, how many genotypes are expected in the population? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 E. 6 Following up on Question 1, if this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, then what is the highest expected genotype frequency among all possible genotypes? A. 0.25 B. 0.30 C. 0.40 D. 0.50 E. 0.60
In sexually reproducing species, each individual begins life with DNA inherited from both parent organisms. , Apply this idea to what occurs when organisms of two species that have homologous chromosomes mate and produce ( F1 ) hybrid offspring. What percentage of the DNA in the F1 hybrids' chromosomes comes from each parent species? As the hybrids mate and produce F2 and later-generation hybrid offspring, describe how recombination and natural selection may affect whether the DNA in hybrid chromosomes is derived from one parent species or the other.
Suppose that the probability of survival of the three different types of diploid individuals in mosquitoes, as a result of the drug, is given by the constants WRR, WRS, and WSS. What are the frequencies of the three different types after this differential survival?
For each of the following examples, discuss whether the observed result is due to neutral mutations or mutations that have been acted on by natural selection, or both: A. When comparing sequences of homologous genes, differences in the coding sequence are most common at the wobble base (i.e., the third base in each codon). B. For a protein-encoding gene, the regions that encode portions of the polypeptide that are vital for structure and function are less likely to display mutations than other regions of the gene. C. When comparing the sequences of homologous genes, introns usually have more sequence differences than exons.
When an Avidian (with a genome size of 50 sites) reproduces with a 10% per site mutation rate, and if the number of mutations per genome is Poisson distributed, then what is the most likely outcome? Possible answers: 4 per genome is most likely, 5 per genome is most likely, 4 mutations per genome and 5 mutations per genome are equally likely, A number other than 4 and/or 5 mutations per genome is most likely

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