Compare and contrast SARS COV-2 and. Influenza Type A Virus with respect to the following parameters: Type of genetic material. Receptor binding proteins of the envelope and receptor used by the virus to enter cells.

Q: Classify eactus on modern taxonomy, and write the scientific name in three different ways based on…

A: There is no such thing as an eactus, so I assume that you're talking about cactus.

Q: Include the normal/standard values and state whether increase or decrease in the values mark the…

A: Introduction:- Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 5 Secondary to Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis is…

Q: How does protecting and conserving a predator species increases the diversity in an area? Use the…

A: Predators contribute to the preservation of species variety in a community by diminishing the level…

Q: Discuss about reabsorption of sodium and reabsorption of sodium in the kidney. Explain the flow or…

A: ANSWER) Reabsorption of sodium is the backward movement of the water from the tubules to the plasma…

Q: State three ways in which diseases can spread along with an example.

A: Infectious diseases commonly spread through the direct transfer of bacteria, viruses or other…

Q: What is the function of the sigma subunit of prokaryotic RNA polymerase? a. It directs the…

A: Introduction:- Transcription is defined as the process of RNA synthesis. It uses one strand of DNA…

Q: When ATP becomes ADP   Question 38 options:   a)  ATP gains a phosphate group.   b)  energy is…

A: Introduction ATP is the  (Adenosine tri-phosphate) is an important molecule found in the  all…

Q: What is an experiment how do scientists research

A: Research It is defined as creative and methodical activity done to improve the body of knowledge. It…

Q: Figure 1 shows a schematic of an action potential. How do voltage-gated sodium channels contribute…

A: A neuron can take input from the other neurons and, if the input is powerful enough, convey the…

Q: What types of interferons are activated by viruses at the earliest stages of infection?

A: Often microbes attack our body and diseases may be caused whenever the immunity becomes weak

Q: Illustrate how cohesin complex is able to pair sister chromatids together after DNA replication.

A: DNA replication is the biological process which produces 2 identical replicas of DNA from 1 original…

Q: How can site-specific recombination be used in recombinant DNA technology

A: Recombinant DNA technology or rDNA technology deals with the manipulation of the genome of an…

Q: Which of the following is the MOST important characteristic of a trait for it to undergo descent…

A:

Q: A researcher is performing PCR to amplify a sample of DNA. Unfortunately, he forgot to add the DNA…

A: Introduction: A given DNA segment can be quickly multiplied (amplified) into millions or billions of…

Q: Compare and contrast the considerations in terms of methods and requirements in introducing…

A: Introduction:- Recombinant DNA technology is also known as genetic engineering. It involves the…

Q: Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement?   Question 6 options:   a)  The early embryo of…

A: We all know that formation of gametes takes place during sexual reproduction.Through the…

Q: Compare and contrast host mechanisms that restrict virus infection by specifically interacting with…

A: Yearly epidemics and sporadic pandemics of respiratory infections caused by influenza viruses result…

Q: What is proprioception? What cues are important in spatial orientation? What features are associated…

A: In order to generate enough muscular activity to maintain a regulated, upright posture, our central…

Q: 1 2 Choose 2 correct answers. Endochondral ossification is a osteogenic process 1. That starts with…

A: Endochondral ossification is a osteogenic process ----- 2. Direct formation of bone from mesenchyme.…

Q: Which of the following coenzymes accepts electrons that was removed in the succinate of the Krebs…

A: Introduction:- Kreb cycle is also known as tricarboxylic acid cycle or citric acid cycle. It occurs…

Q: Nitrobacter and Nitrosomonas are sensitive to wide range of environmental factors. Which…

A: Biological nitrogen fixation is carried out by a highly conserved complex of proteins called the…

Q: What are the differences between VASCULAR and NON-VASCULAR plants? What is the difference between a…

A: The vascular systems of vascular plants, which transport food and water, respectively, through…

Q: a.What are the advantages of using extrusion versus pelleting?  b.Explain two factors that affect…

A: Pelletization and extrusion are indeed the two most often utilized processes for making aquaculture…

Q: 22. Adaptations are a. the result of natural selection b. the change in the characteristics that are…

A: Adaptations are - (e) all of the above

Q: The enzyme amylase can break glycosidic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are…

A: Enzymes are biological molecules (typically proteins) that are vital for life and serve a wide range…

Q: when should tetanus toxoid be administered and various combinations of vaccines to prevent…

A: Due to the Covid-19 pandemic we are very familiar with the term vaccine.Vaccines are nothing but a…

Q: Cod individuals were collected from the North Sea and studied for their genotype at the ocus of an…

A: According to Hardy Weinbergs  equilibrium equation- p2 +q2 + 2pq =1 znd p + q=1 Where p =frequency…

Q: Isolador stile sm 1. Which of the following are forms of photosynthesis? nousmo a. Intermediate and…

A: 1)The Calvin cycle and light-dependent reactions are the two phases of photosynthesis. In the…

Q: 2. Is the following autosomal or X-linked? Is it dominant or recessive? Please explain.

A: The family members that are impacted by a genetic characteristic are shown on a pedigree chart. Such…

Q: Which of the following steps DO NOT occur in pyruvate oxidation? A. Addition of Co-A B. Oxidation Of…

A: Cellular respiration is an important metabolic pathway involving the breakdown of large molecules of…

Q: PT Dx: Pain c/o, ROM deficit in all shoulder motions, and strength deficit in anterior and middle…

A: Range of motion (ROM) deficit refers to a limitation in the normal movement of a joint. It can occur…

Q: Describe the evolution of each both E coli bacteria and the cactus, and if their food could affect…

A: Evolution is the process through which living beings change over time, allowing them to adapt to new…

Q: Identify and describe important targeted ISGs (interferon-stimulated genes)

A: Interferons stimulated genes are the genes which are stimulated when a particular pathogen specially…

Q: a) Describe the processes involved in the knee-jerk reflex and explain why it is called a…

A: A reflex, also known as a reflex action, is an immediate, involuntary reaction to a stimuli in…

Q: List three environmental factors that influence microbes and discuss why these factors are important…

A: The environment has a significant impact on the growth of microorganisms. As microorganisms are…

Q: Neurulation in model vertebrates and in fly follows soon after gastrulation. Do vertebrates and…

A: "The development of the nervous system is a complex process that occurs during embryonic development…

Q: 1. How would you determine whether a disease in humans is simply polygenic (genes from your parents)…

A: Height and other related traits are regulated by numerous genes, each of which contributes only a…

Q: When a cell reproduces, what happens to its DNA?

A: Introduction: We can grow and regenerate because of the way that our cells reproduce.Mitosis is the…

Q: The various regions of the nephron differ in their permeability to water. Which row correctly…

A: Urinary system is a part of body system that is involved in formation of urine and finally it's…

Q: of protein structure involves different types of bonds

A: The second and third levels of protein structure are the secondary and tertiary structure,…

Q: List two similarities and two differences between the structures/features of amoeba and euglena.

A: Euglena is a green single-celled freshwater organism with a flagellum that occasionally forms a…

Q: 1 2 3 Choose 2 correct answers. The cranio-caudal and lateral folding of the embryo 1. Enlarges the…

A: Understanding the processes of development can help us understand how different organisms evolved…

Q: Two eukaryotic lifestyles: haplontic, diplontic.  What are the differences; role of meiosis and…

A: Organisms which have nucleus and organelles are membrane bound comes under eukaryotes. These can be…

Q: b) The nucleus The ribosome d) The golgi body e) The mitochondrion . Amylase is secreted by the: a)…

A: Enzymes are basically the proteins which have main function to speed up a metabolic or chemical…

Q: 3. Draw the needed cells and identify the number of chromosomes Scenarios A parent somatic cell with…

A: Somatic cell is a diploid cell which contains chromosomes in pairs. Haploid cell means that…

Q: moose the correct option NA repair is necessary because : -) DNA replication results in…

A: DNA repair is a process in which the wrong and inserted bases are removed and replaced by the…

Q: Which of the following sequence of proteins and the corresponding number of pumped protons is…

A: Mitochondria help in electron transport chain. These are called the ‘power houses’ of eukaryotes…

Q: Basic electrical rhythm or slow wave is responsible for producing motility in the smooth muscle…

A: The smooth muscles of the majority of the gastrointestinal tract are arranged into two layers of…

Q: name any two methods that can possibly cure cancer .

A: Cancers are one of the most common cause of death in the modern world.  Currently cancer treatment…

Q: How does a bacterial dna look like? Please provide a drawing/picture

A: Bacteria are prokaryotic single-celled organisms. True nuclei and cell organelles that are bound to…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.