Compare the ultimate effects of an increase in interest rates in an economy with a low marginal propensity to consume with those in an economy that has a larger marginal propensity to consume? Explain ЕОC 8.12Compare the ultimate effects of an increase in interest ratesin an economy with a low marginal propensity to consumewith those in an economy that has a larger marginalpropensity to consume? Explain why?

The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is outlined in social science because the proportion of AN…

Compare the ultimate effects of an increase in interest rates in an economy with a low marginal propensity to consume with those in an economy that has a larger marginal propensity to consume? Explain

Compare the ultimate effects of an increase in interest rates in an economy with a low marginal propensity to consume with those in an economy that has a larger marginal propensity to consume? Explain

Macroeconomics: Principles and Policy (MindTap Course List)

13th Edition

ISBN:9781305280601

Author:William J. Baumol, Alan S. Blinder

Publisher:William J. Baumol, Alan S. Blinder

Chapter8: Aggregate Demand And The Powerful Consumer

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8DQ

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Assume that Andrew Marcus is 25 years old and expects to live until the age of 75. (a) If he wins €20 million in cash (after taxes) in the lottery and retires, how much will he consume each year if he wants to have constant consumption and use up all his wealth by the time he dies? Assume the real interest rate is zero. (75 words max) (b) If his total income in the year he wins the lottery is his lottery winnings, what will his average propensity to consume be for that year? (75 words max) (c) If he has no other earnings in later years but continues his constant consumption, what will his average propensity to consume be for those later years? (75 words max) (d) What is Andrew's "permanent income" in the year he wins the lottery? What is his "transitory income"? (75 words max)
Consider an economy described by the following equations:Y=C + I +GY=7,000G=4000T=2,000C=150+0.75(Y-T)I=1,000-50ra. In this economy, compute private saving, public saving and national saving.b. Calculate the equilibrium interest rate.c. Now suppose the G rises by 1,000. Compute private saving, public saving, and nationalsaving.d. Calculate the new equilibrium interest rate. Answer only part c and d in this question as I have attempted first two parts already.
Consider the following functions for consumption and investment: C = 1,000 + (2/3)*(Y – T) and I = 1,200 – 100*r. Furthermore, Y = 8,000, G = 2500, T = 2,000. Compute private, public, and national savings for this economy, and find the equilibrium real interest rate (r). Assume that G declines by 500 units. How will it change your answers in part (a)? What happens to the national savings, given everything else, if the public decides to consume less out of their disposable income (assume that the propensity of consume falls by 10 percent)? Given your answer in part (c), what happens to investment and real interest rate? Answer all four.
In each of the following cases, determine whether the IScurve shifts to the right or left, does not shift, or is indeterminate in the direction of shift.a. The real interest rate rises.b. The marginal propensity to consume declines.c. Financial frictions increase.d. Autonomous consumption decreases.e. Both taxes and government spending decrease by thesame amount.f. The sensitivity of net exports to changes in the realinterest rate decreases.g. The government provides tax incentives for researchand development programs for firms
1. Consider a model of a goods market in a closed economy that is characterized by the followingequations:Consumption : C = 160 + 0.6(Y −T )Investment : I = 150Taxes : T = 100Government spending : G = 110EQ Output : Y = 1/(1 −c1)[c0 + I + G −c1T](a) Solve for the output in the economy.(b) Compute the sum of private and public saving.(c) Considering your answer to part b and the information given above, is this economy in equilib-rium? Explain.
Q) For this question, assume the marginal propensity to consume is 0.7. a. Calculate the change in private saving, public saving, national saving, and investment when taxes increase $100. b. Calculate the change in private saving, public saving, national saving, and investment when government purchases decrease $100. c. Which causes a larger change in investment, the increase in taxes in part a or the decrease in government purchases in part b? Support your answer. Explain it correctly and all subparts.
Consider an economy described by the following data:C = $3.25 trillionI = $1.3 trillionG = $3.5 trillionT = $3.0 trillionNX = - $1.0 trillionf = 1mpc = 0.75d = 0.3x = 0.1a. Derive simplified expressions for the consumptionfunction, the investment function, and the net exportfunction.b. Derive an expression for the IS curve.c. If the real interest rate is r = 2, what is equilibriumoutput? If r = 5, what is equilibrium output?d. Draw a graph of the IS curve showing the answersfrom part (c) above.e. If government purchases increase to $4.2 trillion,what will happen to equilibrium output at r = 2?What will happen to equilibrium output at r = 5?Show the effect of the increase in government purchases in your graph from part (d).
Consider a closed economy. Let Y denote GDP, C denotes Consumption, I denotes Investment, r is the real rate of interest in percent, T denotes Taxes, and G stands for Government Spending. Suppose that these take the following form: Y = 8,000.C = 600 + 0.8(Y – T) I = 2,000 – 100rT = 500G = 500. a. What is the marginal propensity to consume in this economy? b. What are the equilibrium values of C, I, and r? c. What are the values of private saving, public saving, and national saving? d. If government spending rises to 1,000, what are the new equilibrium values of C, I, and r? e. What are the new equilibrium values of private saving, public saving, and national saving?
During and in the aftermath of the financial crisis of2007–2009, planned investment fell substantiallydespite significant decreases in the real interest rate.What factors related to the planned investment functioncould explain this?
An economy is described by the following equations: C= 2,600+ 0.8(Y-T) - 10,000r IP = 2,000-10,000r G = 1,800 NX = 0 PAE = C+1²+ GANX T = 3,000, Where the definitions of each variables are the same as our lecture notes. The real interest rate, r, expressed as a decimal, is 0.10 (that is, 10 percent). a. Find a numerical equation relating planned aggregate expenditure to output. b. Solve for short-run equilibrium output. c. Show your result graphically using the Keynesian-cross diagram. d. Now, suppose that potential output Y* equals 12,000. What real interest rate should the Fed set to bring the economy to full employment? e. Recalculate question (d) for the case in which potential output Y* equals 9,000.
Suppose the economy of Ghana in 2020 was characterized by C = ¢400m + 0.75(Y-T); I = ¢400m - 20r; G = ¢200m; T = ¢200m; Ms = ¢250m/P; Md = 0.25Y - 10r a. Derive the IS and LM curve equations. Give a brief explanation as to why they are positively or negatively sloped. b. Calculate equilibrium output and interest rates (in this case assume P=1). Econ313 2020/2021 PROBLEM SET 2 Page 1 of 2 c. Suppose the government of Ghana in the second half of 2020 spent an additional ¢50m to mitigate the impact of the COVID pandemic on households and businesses and government tax revenue declined by 10% as a result of the lockdown in Ghana what will be the new equilibrium output? d. Will the policy in (c) above have an impact on interest rate? Briefly explain. e. What is the amount of the fiscal deficit incurred as a result of the government fiscal policies as pursued in (c) above?
Explain two of the channels through which lower interest rates stimulate consumption by households.