Conservation of developmental genes in evolution is supported by all of the observations except that mutations of homeotic genes often have similar phenotypic effects in animals. almost all animals have the same homeobox genes expressed at equivalent anterior-posterior locations. mutations of homeotic genes often have significant, nonlethal phenotypic effects. tunicates have homeotic genes in distinct chromosomal locations from other animals.

Conservation of developmental genes in evolution is supported by all of the observations except that mutations of homeotic genes often have similar phenotypic effects in animals. almost all animals have the same homeobox genes expressed at equivalent anterior-posterior locations. mutations of homeotic genes often have significant, nonlethal phenotypic effects. tunicates have homeotic genes in distinct chromosomal locations from other animals.

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter18: Introduction To Darwinian Evolution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 16TYU: INTERPRET DATA Which of the primates in Figure 18-18 is the most distantly related to humans?...

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EVOLUTION LINK What is the common ground between evolutionary biologists and developmental biologists who have adopted the perspective known as Evo Devo?
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How are the mammalian Hox genes related to the homeotic genes of Drosophila? How do the Hox genes contribute to morphological diversity in vertebrates, give an example.
Can convergent (or parallel) evolution of similar morphology in two different lineages involve DNA sequence evolution in different parts of the same developmental gene? Explain how.
Answer the following: More recently evolved organisms have modified the stages of embryological development. Would you expect early or late stages to be modified the most? Why? The basic stages of embryological development are remarkably similar for a wide range of organisms. How would you explain such consistency? As cells invaginate and move about, do they “know” where they are? If not, how is movement controlled? If so, how do they perceive their position. Is parental care of a species a factor that affects embryological development? If so, how?
An adult human has a flat face with a small jaw and large cranium. An adult chimpanzee has a large jaw and small cranium. Both juvenile chimps and humans have heads similar to adult humans. Which of the following is a reasonable explanation for this pattern? Group of answer choices A) genes that modify skull shape are not expressed in chimps during development B) head shape is controlled by cytoplasmic determinants C)genes that modify skull shape are not expressed in humans during development D) chimps and humans have completely different genes controlling the formation of the head
INTERPRET DATA Which of the primates in Figure 18-18 is the most distantly related to humans? Explain your answer. Figure 18-18 Differences in DNA nucleotide sequences as evidence of evolutionary relationships Comparing the same gene in different organisms provides a window into evolution. Here the differences in the non-protein-coding region of the -globin gene are compared between humans and other primates. Evolutionary biologists are rapidly expanding such studies from comparing one or several genes to comparing entire genomes.
Dominguez et al. (2004) suggest that by studying genes that determine growth and tissue specification in the eye of Drosophila, much can be learned about human eye development. (a) What evidence suggests that genetic eye determinants in Drosophila are also found in humans? Include a discussion of orthologous genes in your answer. (b) What evidence indicates that the eyeless gene is part of a developmental network?
Dominguez et al. (2004) suggest that by studying genes that determine growth and tissue specification in the eye of Drosophila, much can be learned about human eye development. (a) What evidence suggests that genetic eye determinants in Drosophila are also found in humans? Include a discussion of orthologous genes in your answer. (b) What evidence indicates that the eyeless gene is part of a developmental network? (c) Are genetic networks likely to specify developmental processes in general? Explain fully and provide an example.
Wyckoff et al. (2000. Nature 403:304-309) have proposed that some human male reproductive-associated genes have evolved by natural selection and not by neutral evolution. Part of the DNA sequence results of their study is shown below. Which gene(s) did seem to evolve by natural selection? Note: dn = number of substitutions per non-synonymous (replacement) sites and ds = number of substitutions per synonymous (silent) sites. dn ds Acrosin-Trypsin 0.138 0.064 Protamine 1 0.133 0.046 SRY 0.055 0.090 Histone H1 (testicular) 0.055…
Can convergent (or parallel) evolution of similar morphology in two different lineages involve DNA sequence evolution in different parts of the same developmental gene?