Consider a broadcast channel with N nodes and a transmission rate of R bps. Suppose the broadcast channel uses polling (with an additional polling node) for multiple access. Suppose the amount of time from when a node completes transmission until the subsequent node is permitted to transmit (that is, the polling delay) is dpoll. Suppose that within a polling round, a given node is allowed to transmit at most Q bits. What is the maximum throughput of the broadcast channel?
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Consider a broadcast channel with N nodes and a transmission rate of R bps. Suppose the broadcast channel uses polling (with an additional polling node) for multiple access. Suppose the amount of time from when a node completes transmission until the subsequent node is permitted to transmit (that is, the polling delay) is dpoll. Suppose that within a polling round, a given node is allowed to transmit at most Q bits. What is the maximum throughput of the broadcast channel?
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- Consider a broadcast channel with N nodes and a transmission rate of R bps. Suppose the broadcast channel uses polling (with an additional polling node) for multiple access. Suppose the amount of time from when a node completes transmission until the subsequent node is permitted to transmit (that is, the polling delay) is ?poll. Suppose that within a polling round, a given node is allowed to transmit at most Q bits. What is the maximum throughput of the broadcast channel?This elementary problem begins to explore propagation delay and transmission delay, two central concepts in data networking. Consider two hosts, A and B, connected by a single link of rate R bps. Suppose that the two hosts are separated by m meters, and suppose the propagation speed along the link is s meters/sec. Host A is to send a packet of size L bits to Host B. a. Express the propagation delay, dprop, in terms of m and s.b. Determine the transmission time of the packet, dtrans, in terms of L and R.c. Ignoring processing and queuing delays, obtain an expression for the end-to-end delay.d. Suppose Host A begins to transmit the packet at time t = 0. At time t = dtrans, where is the last bit of the packet?e. Suppose dprop is greater than dtrans. At time t = dtrans, where is the first bit of the packet?f. Suppose dprop is less than dtrans. At time t = dtrans, where is the first bit of the packet?g. Suppose s = 2.5 * 108 meters/sec, L = 120 bits, and R = 0.112 Mbps. Find the distance m…Suppose nodes A and B are on the same 10 Mbps broadcast channel, and the propagation delay between the two nodes is 245 bit-times. Suppose A and B send Ethernet frames at the same time. Suppose the transmission time of the entire frame is 295 bit-times. So, the frames collide, and then A and B choose different values of K in the CSMA/CD algorithm. A node chooses the value of K at random from {0,1,2,...2n−1} where n is the number of collisions experienced on the channel – note n is set to 1 in this case). For Ethernet, the actual amount of time a node waits is K*512 bit times (i.e., K times the amount of time needed to send 512 bits into the Ethernet). Suppose A chooses a K value of 0 and B chooses a K value of 1. Assuming no other nodes are active, can the retransmissions from A and B collide? Justify your answer by showing all the intermediate steps of your calculations.
- This elementary problem begins to explore propagation delay and transmission delay, twocentral concepts in data networking. Consider two hosts, A and B, connected by a single link ofrate R bps. Suppose that the two hosts are separated by m meters, and suppose the propagationspeed along the link is s meters/sec. Host A is to send a packet of size L bits to Host B.a. Express the propagation delay, dprop, in terms of m and s.b. Determine the transmission time of the packet, dtrans, in terms of Land R.c. Ignoring processing and queuing delays, obtain an expression for the endto-end delay.d. Suppose Host A begins to transmit the packet at time t = 0. At time t = dtrans,where is the last bit of the packet?e. Suppose dprop is greater than dtrans. At time t = dtrans, where is the first bit ofthe packet?f. Suppose dprop is less than dtrans. At time t = dtrans, where is the first bit ofthe packet?g. Suppose s = 2.5 · 108, L = 120 bits, and R = 56 kbps. Find the distance mso that dprop equals…Consider two hosts, A and B, connected by a single link of rate R bps. Suppose that the two hosts are separated by m meters, and suppose the propagation speed along the link is s meters/sec.Host A is to send a packet of size L bits to host B.a. Express the propagation delay, dprop, in terms of m and s.b. Determine the transmission time of the packet, dtrans, in terms of L and R.c. Ignoring processing and queuing delays, obtain an expression for the end-to-end delay.d. Suppose host A begins to transmit the packet at time t= 0, at time t =dtrans, where is the last bit of the packet?e. Suppose dprop is greater than dtrans. At time t =dtrans, where is the first bit of the packet?f. Suppose dprop is less than dtrans. At time t =dtrans, where is the first bit of the packet?g. Suppose s = 2.5 x 10^8 , L=100 bits, and R=28 Kbps. Find the distance m so that dprop = dtrans.Consider two hosts, A and B, connected by a single link of rate R bps. Suppose that the two hosts are separated by m meters, and suppose the propagation speed along the link is s meters/sec. Host A is to send a packet of size L bits to host B.a. Express the propagation delay, dprop, in terms of m and s.b. Determine the transmission time of the packet, dtrans, in terms of L and R.c. Ignoring processing and queuing delays, obtain an expression for the end-to-end delay.d. Suppose host A begins to transmit the packet at time t= 0, at time t =dtrans, where is the last bit of the packet?e. Suppose dprop is greater than dtrans. At time t =dtrans, where is the first bit of the packet?f. Suppose dprop is less than dtrans. At time t =dtrans, where is the first bit of the packet?g. Suppose s = 2.5 x 108, L=100 bits, and R=28 Kbps. Find the distance m so that dprop = dtrans.
- Consider two hosts, A and B, connected by a single link of rate R bps. Suppose that the two hostsare separated by m meters, and suppose the propagation speed along the link is s meters/sec.Host A is to send a packet of size L bits to host B.a. Express the propagation delay, dprop, in terms of m and s.b. Determine the transmission time of the packet, dtrans, in terms of L and R.c. Ignoring processing and queuing delays, obtain an expression for the end-to-end delay.d. Suppose host A begins to transmit the packet at time t= 0, at time t =dtrans, where is the lastbit of the packet?e. Suppose dprop is greater than dtrans. At time t =dtrans, where is the first bit of the packet?Consider the following network with given line speeds and lengths: Assume the speed of light is 2×10^8 m/s, and that the processing and queuing delays are negligible. Node A sends a 1400-byte frame to node C through node B. Suppose Node A starts sending the first bit of the frame at t=0. Answer the following questions: a. At what time (t=?) node B receives the frame in full (i.e. the last bit)? b. After node B receives the frame in full, then it will start sending the frame to node C. Determine the time (t=?) when node C receives the frame in full. c. Suppose at this time node C sends a small acknowledgment back to node A. The transmission time for the acknowledgment is negligible. Calculate at what times (t=?) the acknowledgment arrives at nodes B and A. d. Assume after sending its frame, node A wait for the acknowledgment back from node C before sending the next frame. What is the average throughput (number of transmitted bits per second) of the data flow from node A to…This elementary problem begins to explore propagation delay and transmission delay, two central concepts in datanetworking. Consider two hosts, A and B, connected by a single link of rate R bps. Suppose that the two hosts areseparated by m meters, and suppose the propagation speed along the link is s meters/sec. Host A is to send a packet ofsize L bits to Host B.a. Express the propagation delay, dprop, in terms of m and s.b. Determine the transmission time of the packet, dtrans, in terms of L and R.c. Ignoring processing and queuing delays, obtain an expression for the end-to-end delay.d. Suppose Host Abegins to transmit the packet at time t = 0. At time t = dtrans, where is the last bit of the packet?e. Suppose dprop is greater than dtrans. At time t = dtrans, where is the first bit of the packet?f. Suppose dprop is less than dtrans. At time t = dtrans, where is the first bit of the packet?g. g. Suppose s = 2.5 · 108, L = 120 bits, and R = 56 kbps. Find the distance m so that dprop…
- Computer Networks Consider a packet of length L that begins at end system A and travels over three links to a destination end system. These three links are connected by two packet switches. Let d, s, and R denotes the length, propagation speed, and the transmission rate of link i, for i=1,2,3 . The packet switch delays each packet by d . Assuming no queuing delays, in terms of d, s , R, (i=1,2,3), and L, what is the total end-to-end delay for the packet? Suppose now the packet is 1,500 bytes, and the propagation speed on all three links are 3125km/sec, 10000 km/sec, and 3333km/sec respectively. The transmission rates of all three links are 2 Mbps, the packet switch processing delay is 3 msec, the length of the first link is 5,000 km, the length of the second link is 4,000 km, and the length of the last link is 1,000 km. For these values, what is the end-to-end delay? In the above problem, suppose R1=R2=R3=R and dproc=0. Further, suppose the packet switch does not store-and-forward…Computer Networks Consider a packet of length L that begins at end system A and travels over three links to a destination end system. These three links are connected by two packet switches. Let d, s, and R denotes the length, propagation speed, and the transmission rate of link i, for i=1,2,3 . The packet switch delays each packet by d . Assuming no queuing delays, in terms of d, s , R, (i=1,2,3), and L, what is the total end-to-end delay for the packet? Suppose now the packet is 1,500 bytes, the propagation speed on all three links is the transmission rates of all three links are 2 Mbps, the packet switch processing delay is 3 msec, the length of the first link is 5,000 km, the length of the second link is 4,000 km, and the length of the last link is 1,000 km. For these values, what is the end-to-end delay? In the above problem, suppose R1=R2=R3=R and dproc=0. Further, suppose the packet switch does not store-and-forward packets but instead immediately transmits each bit it…Suppose a system has 50 MB data to send on a network and transmit the data in burst at 8 Mbps, the maximum transmission rate across routers in the network is 6 Mbps, if system uses leaky bucket algorithm, the capacity (in MB) that bucket must hold so that no data is discarded is?.