Consider execunng he fonowing code on the pipelined datapath that we discussed in classDuring me 7ih cycle which register(s) are being read and which register(o) will be written (using the register file)?sb S17, S19. S1add St. S3 S12sub S12. S13, Sr9add Sis, S14. S16w St6, 16(St5)add St1, S13. St9I read St5 writen St9Oread S14 and St written St5O read Sto and S1, written St9O read $13 and St0, written $t2O read St3 and $t, written St1

sub $t7, $t9, $t1 add $t11, $t3, $t2 sub $t2,$t3,$t9 add $t5,$t4,4t6 lw $t6,16($t5) add $t1,t3,$t9…

Consider cung he fotowing code on the pipelined datapath that we discussed in class During me 7h cycle which register() are beng read and which register(s) will be written (using the register file) O S7, Sre. S add S Sa S2 nub St2. S3 S9 add sis. S14 S16 w St, 16(S15) add S1. Sa S9 Omad Srs wrihen S O read S4 and S witten Sts Omad Sre and S, witten Sto Oread St3 and Sr0, written St2 read St3 and Ste written St1

Consider cung he fotowing code on the pipelined datapath that we discussed in class During me 7h cycle which register() are beng read and which register(s) will be written (using the register file) O S7, Sre. S add S Sa S2 nub St2. S3 S9 add sis. S14 S16 w St, 16(S15) add S1. Sa S9 Omad Srs wrihen S O read S4 and S witten Sts Omad Sre and S, witten Sto Oread St3 and Sr0, written St2 read St3 and Ste written St1

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

) We examine how pipelining affects the clock cycle time of the processor. Problems in this exercise assume that individual stages of the datapath have the following latencies: IF ID EX MEM WB 200 ps 300 ps 150 ps 250 ps 200 ps Also, assume that instructions executed by the processor are broken down as follows: alu (i.e. add, sub,…) beq lw sw 45 % 20 % 20 % 15% a.) What is the clock cycle time in a pipelined and non-pipelined processor? b.) What is the total latency of seven LW instructions in a pipelined and non-pipelined processor (assume no stalls or hazards) c.) Assuming there are no stalls or hazards, what is the utilization of the data memory? (Hint) R-type instruction: IF ID EX MEM WB: no data memory access required beq: no data memory access required lw: IF ID EX MEM WB: data memory access required sw: IF ID EX MEM WB: data memory access required % of lw + % of sw = ?
What happens if an instruction isn't received, and it's recorded on VA page 30? Software-managed TLBs are quicker than hardware-managed TLBs in the following scenarios:
Consider the following scenario:a main program starts execution at time t = 03 second later device B sends interrupt signal5 second later device A sends interrupt signal2 second later device E sends interrupt signal3 second later device C sends interrupt signal5 second later device D sends interrupt signal5 second later device F sends interrupt signalhighlight on the following figure the paths of execution that realize the mentioned interrupt scenario.With each highlighted path indicate time value (t = ?)Finally draw one more path from the last ISR executed back to the main program and displayreturn time.
Th is exercise is intended to help you understand the relationship between forwarding, hazard detection, and ISA design. Problems in this exercise refer to the following sequence of instructions, and assume that it is executed on a 5-stage pipelined datapath:add r5,r2,r1lw r3,4(r5)lw r2,0(r2)or r3,r5,r3sw r3,0(r5)> If there is no forwarding or hazard detection, insert nops to ensure correct execution.> Repeat above step, but now use nops only when a hazard cannot be avoided by changing or rearranging these instructions. You can assume register R7 can be used to hold temporary values in your modifi ed code.> If the processor has forwarding, but we forgot to implement the hazard detection unit, what happens when this code executes?
Q1. a) Let us assume that the CS and IP values of the base and offset of an ISR are 1230h and 2000h. The ISR is 10 lines of code where each line takes 4 bits to be stored. At which address, shall we find the IRET instruction? b) Describe the complete process of how an interrupt of type n (INTn) is serviced.
In this exercise, we examine how pipelining aff ects the clock cycle time of the processor. Problems in this exercise assume that individual stages of the datapath have the following latencies: IF ID EX MEM WB 250ps 350ps 150ps 300ps 200ps Also, assume that instructions executed by the processor are broken down as follows: alu beq lw sw 45% 20% 20% 15% What is the clock cycle time in a pipelined and non-pipelined processor?What is the total latency of an LW instruction in a pipelined and non-pipelined processor?If we can split one stage of the pipelined datapath into two new stages, each with half the latency of the original stage, which stage would you split and what is the new clock cycle time of the processor?Assuming there are no stalls or hazards, what is the utilization of the data memory?Assuming there are no stalls or hazards, what is the utilization of the write-register port of the “Registers” unit?Instead of a single-cycle organization, we can use a…
By changing the return address for the call to echo, we can force the echo function to return to any instruction to continue execution. Below are the instructions of totally_hidden function. If we'd like the echo function to return to the beginning of the totally_hidden function, what value should we change the return address into? assembly code for function totally_hidden: 0x4005fe <+0>: push %rbp 0x4005ff <+1>: mov %rsp,%rbp 0x400602 <+4>: mov $0x4006c8,%edi 0x400607 <+9>: callq 0x4004d0 <puts@plt> 0x40060c <+14>: pop %rbp 0x40060d <+15>: retq
What takes place if a writing instruction is sent to VA page 30 without being approved? The following scenarios call for a faster software-managed TLB than a hardware-managed TLB:
In this exercise, we examine how pipelining affects the clock cycle time of the processor. Problems in this exercise assume that individual stages of the datapath have the following latencies: IF ID EX MEM WB 270 ps 150 ps 240 ps 290 ps 180 ps Also, assume that instructions executed by the processor are broken down as follows: alu beq lw sw 40% 15% 35% 10% 3.0.1 What is the clock cycle time in a pipelined and non-pipelined processor? 3.0.2 Assuming there are no stalls or hazards, what is the utilization of the data memory? 3.0.3 Instead of a single-cycle organization, we can use a multi-cycle organization where each instruction takes multiple cycles but one instruction finishes before another instruction is fetched. In this organization, an instruction only goes through stages it actually needs (e.g. ST only takes 4 cycles because it does not need the WB stage). Compare clock cycle times and execution times with…
In this exercise, we consider the execution of a loop in a statically scheduled superscalar processor that has full forwarding. Loop: lw $t3, 0($s1) lw $t4, 0($s2) mul $t1, $t3, $t4 add $s0, $t1, $s0 addi $s1, $s1, -8 addi $s2, $s2, -8 bne $s1, $zero, Loop Unroll this loop so that three iterations of it are done at once and schedule it for a 2-issue pipelined processor. This processor can issue one ALU/branch instruction and one lw/sw instruction each cycle. Assume that the loop always executes a number of iterations that is a multiple of 3. You can use any unused registers when changing the code to eliminate dependencies.
Suppose that a computer has a processor with two L1 caches, one for instructions and one for data, and an L2 cache. Let τ be the access time for the two L1 caches. Themiss penalties are approximately 15τ for transferring a block from L2 to L1, and 100τ fortransferring a block from the main memory to L2. For the purpose of this problem, assumethat the hit rates are the same for instructions and data and that the hit rates in the L1 andL2 caches are 0.96 and 0.80, respectively.(a) What fraction of accesses miss in both the L1 and L2 caches, thus requiring accessto the main memory?(b) What is the average access time as seen by the processor?(c) Consider the following change to the memory hierarchy. The L2 cache is removedand the size of the L1 caches is increased so that their miss rate is cut in half. Whatis the average memory access time as seen by the processor in this case
Consider the following instruction:Instruction: Add Rd, Rs, RtInterperation: Reg[Rd] = Reg[Rs] + Reg[Rt] RegWrite MemRead ALUMux MemWrite ALUOp RegMux Branch a, What are the values of control signals generated by the control in Figure 4.2 for the above instruction? b, Which resources (blocks) perform a useful function for this instruction? c, Which resources (blocks) produce outputs, but their outputs are not used for this instruction? d, which resources (blocks) produce no output for this instruction?