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Name: Consider Mendelian traits versus polygenic traits. What impact do modi
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Description: Consider Mendelian traits versus polygenic traits. What impact do modifications, such as those offered by CRISPR and genetic testing, have on the generational lineage of these traits?Are some traits (e.g., susceptibility to Sickle Cell Anemia) worth

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter4: Pedigree Analysis In Human Genetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3QP: Pedigree Analysis Is a Basic Method in Human Genetics Using the pedigree provided, answer the...

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Consider Mendelian traits versus polygenic traits. What impact do modifications, such as those offered by CRISPR and genetic testing, have on the generational lineage of these traits?Are some traits (e.g., susceptibility to Sickle Cell Anemia) worth removing from our genome? Support your position.

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CRISPR-Cas9 has recently become a popular set of tools for genetic engineering. By targeting specific DNA sequences, biotechnology can edit portions of organism’s genome by adding, replacing, or deleting sequences of DNA. Biotechnology also allows genes to be transferred from one organisms to another. The system uses a modified bacterial protein and a RNA to guide it to a specific DNA sequence. Scientist have also found ways to use these tools to send proteins to DNA targets to remove or add genes. When there is a significant error during repair, an entire sequence can become altered and the CRISPR system can study what happened to the cell which this error occurred in. The system has opened up new possibilities for discovering all areas of The Cas9 System and a small guide RNA molecule. The Cas9 is an enzyme that “snips through DNA like a pair of molecule scissors”(Zagorulya). The second component is a RNA molecule that acts as a guide to direct the Cas9 to the targeted sequence of DNA in the genome. DNA repair mechanisms in the cell can silence the gene if cut. When adding a new DNA fragment to the Cas9-gRNA complex, repair machinery repair DNA by adding the new DNA where the enzyme cut, through the DNA. With this, a mutation can be introduced into the gene or a new gene can be introduced into the cell DNA. Scientists are able to manipulate DNA in numerous ways using the system and study the function of health and mutated forms of specific genes. The flexibility of this system allows scientists to study any gene despite its location or composition of DNA. Flexibility is due to the RNAs design as it is created to target any site of the…show more content…
Scientists in CHina also conducted a study and became the first to use CRISPR to edit non viable human embryo DNA. This rose concern since the technology for genome editing in germline editing which uses eggs, sperm, and early human embryos. This concerned critics that germline editing could lead to “designer babies”. However, Xiaomei Zhai of Peking Union Medical college stated that “if the rise-benefit ratio is acceptable, a total ban on germline gene editing is not ethically justifiable

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