Consider the following data on some weak acids and weak bases: acid base к, Ka к, name formula name formula -10 4.9 x 10 C,H3NH2 4.3 x 10 - 10 hydrocyanic acid HCN aniline -8 - hypochlorous acid HC1O 3.0 x 10 ethylamine C,H5NH2 C2H3NH2 6.4 x 104 Use this data to rank the following solutions in order of increasing pH. In other words, select a '1' next to the solution that will have the lowest pH, a '2' next to the solution that will have the next lowest pH, and so on. solution pH 0.1 M C2H5NH3Br 2. 0.1 M NaCN 4 (highest) 0.1 M CGH5NH3CI 1 (lowest) 0.1 M KCIO

Consider the following data on some weak acids and weak bases: acid base к, Ka к, name formula name formula -10 4.9 x 10 C,H3NH2 4.3 x 10 - 10 hydrocyanic acid HCN aniline -8 - hypochlorous acid HC1O 3.0 x 10 ethylamine C,H5NH2 C2H3NH2 6.4 x 104 Use this data to rank the following solutions in order of increasing pH. In other words, select a '1' next to the solution that will have the lowest pH, a '2' next to the solution that will have the next lowest pH, and so on. solution pH 0.1 M C2H5NH3Br 2. 0.1 M NaCN 4 (highest) 0.1 M CGH5NH3CI 1 (lowest) 0.1 M KCIO

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285199047

Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Chapter14: Acids And Bases

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 96QRT

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16-27 Guanidine, p/Ca 13.6, is a very strong base, almost as basic as hydroxide ion. NH NH2+ II II H2N—C—NH2 + H2O H2N—C—NH2 + OH" Guanidine Guanidinium ion pKb = 13.6 Complete the Lewis structure for guanidine, showing all valence electrons. The remarkable basicity of guanidine is attributed to the fact that the positive charge on the guanidinium ion is delocalized by resonance over the three nitrogen atoms. This delocalization increases the stability of the guanidinium ion relative to the ammonium ion or substituted ammonium ions. Draw three equivalent contributing structures for the guanidinium ion and show by the use of curved arrows how these three contributors are related. Propose an explanation for the fact that protonation occurs on the C=NH nitrogen rather than on one of the —NH., nitrogens. (Hint: Consider the resonance stabilization of the structure formed by protonation on a —NH., nitrogen compared with the resonance stabilization of the structure formed by protonation on the =NH nitrogen.) Predict the N—C—N bond angles in the hybrid. Which is the stronger acid, the ammonium ion or the guanidinium ion?
For oxyacids, how does acid strength depend on a. the strength of the bond to the acidic hydrogen atom? b. the electronegativity of the element bonded to the oxygen atom that bears the acidic hydrogen? c. the number of oxygen atoms? How does the strength of a conjugate base depend on these factors? What type of solution forms when a nonmetal oxide dissolves in water? Give an example of such an oxide. What type of solution forms when a metal oxide dissolves in water? Give an example of such an oxide.
Classify each of the acids in Problem 10-19 as a strong acid or a weak acid. a. HClO3 (chloric acid) b. HC3H5O4 (glyceric acid) c. H3C6H5O7 (citric acid) d. H3PO4 (phosphoric acid)
Two students were asked to determine the Kb of an unknown base. They were given a bottle with a solution in it. The bottle was labeled aqueous solution of a monoprotic strong acid. They were also given a pH meter, a buret, and an appropriate indicator. They reported the following data: volume of acid required for neutralization = 21.0 mL pH after 7.00 mL of strong acid added = 8.95 Use the students' data to determme the Kb of the unknown base.
Calculate the percentages of dissociated and undissociated forms present in the following solutions: (a) 0.0010 M glycolic acid (HOCH2CO2H; pKa = 3.83) at pH = 4.50 (b) 0.0020 M propanoic acid (pKa = 4.87) at pH = 5.30
Mark each of the following statements True or False: a. The conjugate base of a strong acid is always a weak base. b. The conjugate acid of a strong base is always a weak acid. c. The stronger the acid, the weaker its conjugate base, and vice versa.