Consider the market for steel. Suppose that a steel manufacturing plant dumps toxic waste into a nearby river, creating a negative externality for those living downstream from the plant. Producing an additional ton of steel imposes a constant marginal external cost (MEC) of $165 per ton. The following graph shows the demand (marginal private benefits, or MPB) curve and the supply (marginal private costs, or MPC) curve for steel. Use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the marginal social costs (MSC) curve when the marginal external cost is $165 per ton. 1100 990 880 770 O n Supply MSC

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Chapter17: Externalities And The Environment
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Problem 2.3P: (Negative Externalities) Suppose you wish to reduce a negative externality by imposing a tax on the...
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3. The effect of negative externalities on the optimal quantity of consumption
Consider the market for steel. Suppose that a steel manufacturing plant dumps toxic waste into a nearby river, creating a negative externality for
those living downstream from the plant. Producing an additional ton of steel imposes a constant marginal external cost (MEC) of $165 per ton. The
following graph shows the demand (marginal private benefits, or MPB) curve and the supply (marginal private costs, or MPC) curve for steel.
Use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the marginal social costs (MSC) curve when the marginal external cost is $165 per ton.
PRICE (Dollars per ton of steel)
1100
990
880
770
660
550
440
330
220
110
0
0
+
1
O
☐
O
2
0
H
3
▬
The market equilibrium quantity is
O
4
5
QUANTITY (Tons of steel)
☐
☐
6
Supply
(MPC)
Demand
(MPB)
7
MSC
?
tons of steel, but the socially optimal quantity of steel production is
To create an incentive for the firm to produce the socially optimal quantity of steel, the government could impose a
of steel.
tons.
per ton
Transcribed Image Text:3. The effect of negative externalities on the optimal quantity of consumption Consider the market for steel. Suppose that a steel manufacturing plant dumps toxic waste into a nearby river, creating a negative externality for those living downstream from the plant. Producing an additional ton of steel imposes a constant marginal external cost (MEC) of $165 per ton. The following graph shows the demand (marginal private benefits, or MPB) curve and the supply (marginal private costs, or MPC) curve for steel. Use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the marginal social costs (MSC) curve when the marginal external cost is $165 per ton. PRICE (Dollars per ton of steel) 1100 990 880 770 660 550 440 330 220 110 0 0 + 1 O ☐ O 2 0 H 3 ▬ The market equilibrium quantity is O 4 5 QUANTITY (Tons of steel) ☐ ☐ 6 Supply (MPC) Demand (MPB) 7 MSC ? tons of steel, but the socially optimal quantity of steel production is To create an incentive for the firm to produce the socially optimal quantity of steel, the government could impose a of steel. tons. per ton
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