7 Question 12When marginal product is diminishingO average variable cost is fallingO fixed cost are sunkaverage cost is fallingO marginal costs are risingDQuestion 13Assume Covid tests kits are produced in a perfectly competitive market. If a firm in this type of market reduces its output by 20percent the price willdecrease by less than 20 percent.O remain unchanged.O decrease by more than 20 percent.O increase.

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Principles of Economics 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172364

Author:Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro

Publisher:Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro

Chapter8: Perfect Competition

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1SCQ: Firms ill a perfectly competitive market are said to be price takers that is, once the market...

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A computer company produces affordable, easy-to-use home computer systems and has fixed costs of 250. The marginal cost of producing computers is 700 for the first computer, 250 for the second, 300 for the third, 350 for the fourth, 430 for the fifth, 450 for the sixth, and 500 for the seventh. Create a table that shows the companys output, total cost, marginal cost, average cost, variable cost, and average variable cost. At what price is the zero-profit point? At what price is the shutdown point? If the company sells the computers for 500, is it making a profit or a loss? How big is the profit or loss? Sketch a graph with AC, MC, and AVG curves to illustrate your answer and show the profit or loss. If the firm sells the computers for 300, is it making a profit or a loss? How big is the profit or loss? Sketch a graph with AC, MC, and AVG curves to illustrate your answer and show the profit or loss.
If new technology in a perfectly competitive market brings about a substantial reduction in costs of production, how will this affect the market?
Based on your answers to the WipeOut Ski Company in Exercise 7.3, now imagine a situation where the firm produces a quantity of 5 units that it sells for a price of 25 each. What will be the companys profits or losses? How can you tell at a glance whether the company is making or losing money at this price by looking at average cost? At the given quantity and price, is the marginal unit produced adding to profits?
Automobile manufacturing is an industry subject to significant economies of scale. Suppose there are four domestic auto manufacturers, but the demand for domestic autos is no more than 2.5 times the quantity produced at the bottom of the long-run average cost curve. What do you expect will happen to the domestic auto industry in the long run?
Return to Figure 7.7. What is the marginal gain in output from increasing the number of batters from 4 to 5 and from 5 to 6? Does it continue the pattern of diminishing marginal returns? Figure 7.7 How output Affects Total costs
A firms marginal cost curve above the average variable cost curve is equal to the films individual supply curve. This means that every time a firm receives a price from the market it will be willing to supply the amount of output where the price equals marginal cost. What happens to the films individual supply curve if marginal costs increase?
Firms ill a perfectly competitive market are said to be price takers that is, once the market determines an equilibrium price for the product, firms must accept this price. If you sell a product in a perfectly competitive market, but you are not happy with its price, would you raise the price, even by a cent?
How would an improvement in technology, like the high-efficiency gas turbines or Pirelli tire plant, affect me lung-nm average cost curve of a firm? Can you draw the old curve and the new one on the same axes? How might such an improvement affect other firms in the industry?
Suppose that the market price increases to 6, as Table 8.14 shows. What would happen to the profit-maximizing output level?
What is the relationship between marginal product and marginal cost? (Hint: Look at the curves.) Why do you suppose that is? Is this relationship the same in the long run as in the short run?

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D D Question 12 When marginal product is diminishing O average variable cost is falling O fixed cost are sunk O average cost is falling O marginal costs are rising