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- The general public takes for granted the link between an infectious agent and a given infection Discuss the requirements established by Koch, the nineteenth-century German scientist, before ascertaining, for instance, that Helicobacter pylori bacterium is the cause of the gastric ulcer. Why is it so essential to meet these conditions?Why do healthy adults usually not contract Clostridium difficileinfections?Why are Bacillus infections commonly associated with exposureto soil and dust?
- Two microbiologists are writing a textbook, but they cannot agree where to place the discussion of botulism. One favored the chapter on nervous system infections, whereas the other insisted on the chapter covering digestive system infections. Where do you think the discussion should be placed, and why?What would you expect to see microscopically from a scraping of thewhite patch? Describe other diagnostic procedures for this infection.What makes bacterial diseases such as Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens & Clostridium tetani very effective to cause infection in a human host?
- Why must the antitoxin be administered in the earliest phases of botulism?A five-year old boy, suffering from running nose, headache and fever, got severe pain in his right ear. What is the diagnosis? Name at least two bacteria commonly involved in such infections. If left untreated, what complications might happen?What activities would be associated with an increased risk ofHistoplasma capsulatum infection?
- What drugs would you recommend for Tetanus treatment? Explain the mechanism of action of the toxin from Clostridium botulinum. How this mechanism can be used for clinical and cosmetic purposes, including treatment of facial wrinkles?other than contributing to the virulence of the organism, what other functions do capsule have?To what sources of nosocomial infections is this patient exposed?