def8hijk mno|p9 stuv wxy z a bc a bcd e fghijkIm nopa|rstuv wxyz Keep the encryption in the Python dictionary structure. Write a Python program that takes the three-letter message as input and prints the encrypted message. Guidance: An empty string can be inserted one by one by replacing the letters of the input. Entry: Message: kar
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- Affine Cipher is an example of a Monoalphabetic substitution cipher. The encryption process is substantially mathematical done by using the following formula: C = (P ∗ ?1 + ?2) mod 26. Where k1, k2 are two integers representing the key (selected randomly), C is the ciphertext value, and P is the plaintext value. Where C and P integers with values between 0 and 25. 1) Write an Octave programme to implement this system, run your programme using the Plaintext: “the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog”. Show the obtained ciphertext with the selected values of the keys k1 & k2. 2) Given that the plaintext “s” mapped to ciphertext “W”, plaintext “x” mapped to ciphertext “Z” when encrypted with Affine Cipher. Determine, mathematically, the values for the two keys K1 and K2. I need an octave code for the first part of this question, that i can just copy and paste. In addition, to an explanation of the steps done to…The following is a message encrypted using keyword cipher and you know the keyword is CYBERSECURITY and the key letter is “a”. Decrypt the message and show all your work. OIR GJN OTG KJM OCH OCO OTO PER OIC OBC HYR SJM GRE TNO ICO JSE RNT MRO JUJ JHF RCM Hq5- The Atbash cipher is a type of monoalphabetic cipher formed by taking the alphabet and mapping it to its reverse, so that the first letter becomes the last letter, the second letter becomes the second to last letter, and so on. For example: A becomes Z and Z becomes A, B becomes Y and Y becomes B, and so on. Numeric digits and special symbols will remain the same. What does XHV2HRZ mean?
- In cryptography, a Caesar cipher is a very simple encryption techniques in which each letter in the plain text is replaced by a letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet. For example, with a shift of 3, A would be replaced by D, B would become E, and so on. The method is named after Julius Caesar, who used it to communicate with his generals. ROT-13 (“rotate by 13 places”) is a widely used example of a Caesar cipher where the shift is 13. In Python, the key for ROT-13 may be represented by means of the following dictionary: key = {‘a’:’n’, ‘b’:’o’, ‘c’:’p’, ‘d’:’q’, ‘e’:’r’, ‘f’:’s’, ‘g’:’t’, ‘h’:’u’,‘i’:’v’, ‘j’:’w’, ‘k’:’x’, ‘l’:’y’, ‘m’:’z’, ‘n’:’a’, ‘o’:’b’, ‘p’:’c’,‘q’:’d’, ‘r’:’e’, ‘s’:’f’, ‘t’:’g’, ‘u’:’h’, ‘v’:’i’, ‘w’:’j’, ‘x’:’k’,‘y’:’l’, ‘z’:’m’, ‘A’:’N’, ‘B’:’O’, ‘C’:’P’, ‘D’:’Q’, ‘E’:’R’, ‘F’:’S’,‘G’:’T’, ‘H’:’U’, ‘I’:’V’, ‘J’:’W’, ‘K’:’X’, ‘L’:’Y’, ‘M’:’Z’, ‘N’:’A’,‘O’:’B’, ‘P’:’C’, ‘Q’:’D’, ‘R’:’E’, ‘S’:’F’, ‘T’:’G’, ‘U’:’H’, ‘V’:’I’,‘W’:’J’, ‘X’:’K’,…In cryptography, a Caesar cipher is a very simple encryption techniques in which each letter in the plain text is replaced by a letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet. For example, with a shift of 3, A would be replaced by D, B would become E, and so on. The method is named after Julius Caesar, who used it to communicate with his generals. ROT-13 (“rotate by 13 places”) is a widely used example of a Caesar cipher where the shift is 13. In Python, the key for ROT-13 may be represented by means of the following dictionary: key = {‘a’:’n’, ‘b’:’o’, ‘c’:’p’, ‘d’:’q’, ‘e’:’r’, ‘f’:’s’, ‘g’:’t’, ‘h’:’u’,‘i’:’v’, ‘j’:’w’, ‘k’:’x’, ‘l’:’y’, ‘m’:’z’, ‘n’:’a’, ‘o’:’b’, ‘p’:’c’,‘q’:’d’, ‘r’:’e’, ‘s’:’f’, ‘t’:’g’, ‘u’:’h’, ‘v’:’i’, ‘w’:’j’, ‘x’:’k’,‘y’:’l’, ‘z’:’m’, ‘A’:’N’, ‘B’:’O’, ‘C’:’P’, ‘D’:’Q’, ‘E’:’R’, ‘F’:’S’,‘G’:’T’, ‘H’:’U’, ‘I’:’V’, ‘J’:’W’, ‘K’:’X’, ‘L’:’Y’, ‘M’:’Z’, ‘N’:’A’,‘O’:’B’, ‘P’:’C’, ‘Q’:’D’, ‘R’:’E’, ‘S’:’F’, ‘T’:’G’, ‘U’:’H’, ‘V’:’I’,‘W’:’J’, ‘X’:’K’,…A cryptography student has accidentally used the same keystream to encrypt two different messages, M1M1 and M2M2. We know that the ciphertexts are C1=0x4ab397cf20db1ce0C1=0x4ab397cf20db1ce0 and C2=0x2f7fded503744af5C2=0x2f7fded503744af5. We also happen to know that M1=0xbc66dac8daeee8e2M1=0xbc66dac8daeee8e2. a) What is M2M2 in hexadecimal? Please give your answer a leading 0x and use lowercase letters only. b) What is the keystream? Please give your answer a leading 0x and use lowercase letters only. Hint: These are all 8 byte numbers and will fit in an unsigned long type on most systems.
- Suppose your RSA public key is PK: {n, e} = {13861, 37}. Your friend sends you a ciphertext C = 9908. But unfortunately you have forgotten your private key, now you have to crack it yourself.a) Write down a possible condition of factors p and q.p= q=b) What is your private key SK: {d}?d=c) What is the plaintext of your friend’s message?The plaintext M =d) Suppose the plaintext M is a 12-digit number consisting of a prefix “19” and 1234567890. What is the corresponding ciphertext? Since M is greater than n, you only need to encrypt four digits at a time. Ignore redundant zeros. e.g., 0001 = 1. The result should contain three integers.The ciphertext C0 =Substitution Cipher is an old technique that substitutes one thing for another. For example, alphabet messages can be ciphered by applying the following substitution. plaintext: abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz | | V Vciphertext: mnbvcxzasdfghjklpoiuytrewq However, this type of ciphering produces patterns since the same plaintext strings produce the same cipher text. Polyalphabetic Cipher, on the other hand mitigates this problem as plaintext characters are not always replaced with the same cipher text character. The replacement of each character dependson a key as well as on the position of the character in the text; for example, by using a formula such as: for (int i=0; i < length of P; i++) C[i] = P[i] + K + (i mod 3) In essence, if the key, K, is choses as K=10, then 10 is added to characters in position 0, 3, 6, …; and 11 is added for those in…The following is a message encrypted using multiplicative cipher but you do not know the key. Decrypt the message and show all your work. VNY LYQ EHH VNY TSD DYL YRO YSR VNY KWL HTJ YVK YYR NEF SRI QWM YVN SRI VWQ EUE RTN EFS RIV WQE UQW MYV NSR I
- In cryptography the following uses transposition ciphers and the keyword is LAYER. Encrypt the following message (spaces are omitted during encryption)WELCOME TO NETWORK SECURITY! a. WMEKREETSILTWETCOOCYONRU! b. EETSICOOCYWMEKRONRU!LTWET c. LTWETONRU!WMEKRCOOCYEETSI d. ONRU!COOCYLTWETEETSIWMEKRUsing public key cryptography, X adds a digital signature s to message M, encrypts <M, s>, and sends it to Y, where it is decrypted. Which one of the following sequences of keys is used for the operations? A) Encryption: X's private key followed by Y's private key; Decryption: X's public key followed by Y's public key B) Encryption: X's private key followed by Y's public key; Decryption: X's public key followed by Y's private key C) Encryption: X's public key followed by Y's private key; Decryption: Y's public key followed by X's private key D) Encryption: X's private key followed by Y's public key; Decryption: Y's private key followed by X's public keyEncrypt the message " MATH " by translating the letters into numbersand then applying the encryption function given, and then translating the numbers back into letters.(a) f(p)=(17p+5) mod 26 _____ (b) f(p)=(15p+14) mod 26 ___ (c) f(p)=(19p+5) mod 26 ___Use A=0,B=1,C=2,D=3,E=4,F=5,G=6,H=7,I=8, J=9,K=10,L=11,M=12,N=13,O=14,P=15,Q=16,R=17, S=18,T=19,U=20,V=21,W=22,X=23,Y=24,Z=25