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Define and discuss the nucleus in an atom.

An Introduction to Physical Science

14th Edition

ISBN:9781305079137

Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar Torres

Publisher:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar Torres

Chapter10: Nuclear Physics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4SA

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Nuclear interactions

In nature, there are certain rules and standards for an interaction. These interactions are universally accepted. There are four types of interactions:

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Silver has two stable isotopes. The nucleus, 47107Ag , has atomic mass 106.905095 g/mol with an abundance of 51.83% ; whereas 47107Aghas atomic mass 108.904754 g/mol with an abundance of 48.17% . Find the atomic mass of the element silver.
(a) An aspiring physicist wants to build a scale model of a hydrogen atom for her science fair project. If the atom is 1.00 m in diameter, how big should she try to make the nucleus? (b) How easy will this be to do?
Why is the number of neutrons greater than the number of protons in stable nuclei that have an A greater than about 40? Why is this effect more pronounced for the heaviest nuclei?
Integrated Concepts Estimate the density of a nucleus by calculating the density of a proton, taking it to be a sphere 1.2 fm in diameter. Compare your result with the value estimated in this chapter.
(a) Calculate the radius of 58Ni, one of the most tightly bound stable nuclei. (b) What is the ratio of the radius of 58Ni to that at 258Ha, one of the largest nuclei ever made? Note that the radius of the largest nucleus is still much smaller than ?le size of an atom.
(a) Show that if you assume the average nucleus is spherical with a radius r=r0A1/3, and with a mass at A u, then its density is independent at A. (b) Calculate that density in u/fm3 and kg/m3, and compare your results with those found in Example 31.1 for 56Fe.