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- Which of the following populations is not in Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium? a population with 12 homozygous recessive individuals (yy), 8 homozygous dominant individuals (YY), and 4 heterozygous individuals (Yy) a population in which the allele frequencies do not change over time p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 a population undergoing natural selection25. Answer the following questions based on the facts and inferences related to natural selection that we discussed in class, as well as the simulations you performed with the Evodots lab. If individuals vary, and variation affects survival and reproduction, and variation is heritable: there will be natural selection resulting in evolution. there will be no natural selection, but there will be evolution due to natural selection. there will be natural selection, but it will not result in evolution. there will be no natural selection, and there will be no evolution due to natural selection. 24. Answer the following questions based on the facts and inferences related to natural selection that we discussed in class, as well as the simulations you performed with the Evodots lab. If individuals vary, and variation affects survival and reproduction, but variation is not heritable: there will be natural selection resulting in evolution. there will be no natural selection, but…1. List three places outside of Africa where sickle-cell anemia is fairly common in the indigenous population: a. b. c. 2. Why hasn't the sickle-cell trait died out? 3. What is the ultimate source of biological variation? What is the difference between gene flow and genetic drift?
- 29. How did Thomas Malthus contribute to Charles Darwin's insights about natural selection? Group of answer choices Malthus proposed that populations tend to grow faster than resources do. Malthus was among the first to recognize that the fossil record documents species changing over time. Malthus was the one who proposed the idea of gradualism. Malthus developed the first system of categorizing and naming species. Malthus proposed that characteristics acquired during one's lifetime can be passed to offspring.3. a. Why are most populations not in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium? b. There is an ancient village population of humans. We know very little about this population. How can we use genetics to determine if the societal system of the village was matrilocal or patrilocal? c. There was variation in a rat phenotype (coat color.) The coat colors ranged from dark color coats to light color coats. As the rats migrated into the basements of campus, the light color rats were more likely to be caught by the campus cat. Over time, the basement rat population shifted to entirely dark color coats. This is an example of what kind of selection? d. Explain how a genetic bottleneck could lead to higher susceptibility of a disease, such cancer, in that population.33. Charles Darwin is responsible for which of the following? Being the first to propose the theory of evolution. Developing his theories as a naturalist working in Brazil and Malaysia. Illustrating his theory of natural selection on Galapagos finches in his book On the Origin of Species. Proposing particulate inheritance. Arguing for punctuated equilibrium to describe speciation events.
- 5. a. Is genetic drift a gain or loss in heterozygosity? b. What population is most effected by drift? Ne = 20 or Ne = 200. Why? c. There is a balancing act between drift and another force of evolution. What is it and why is this important?Follow up on Question 2. The purpose of including species D in the phylogenetic reconstruction is so that it can be used as a. an in-group for inferring the polarity of trait evolution b. an out-group for inferring the polarity of trait evolution c. an ancestral group for inferring the polarity of trait evolution d. a monophyletic group for classifying vge gene types e. None of the above1. Did both populations (with and without natural selection) conform to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? What happened to observed allele frequencies in each population? Only answer question 1 below is an information about the question . Data result of Testing Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium with natural selection Chi-square of results from bean model for F1: a. Total of (obs-exp)2/exp = Chi- square value for F1 = 3.1 The resulting chi-squared value is 3.1. b. For a p-value of 0.05 and 2 degrees of freedom, the critical value is 5.99. Our value of 3.1 is smaller than the critical value (5.99), Thus, we cannot reject the null hypothesis. c. The population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, and is not evolving or It does conform to null hypothesis. Chi-square of results from bean model for F2: a. Total of (obs-exp)2/exp = Chi- square value for F2 = 6.5 The resulting chi-squared value is 6.5. b. For a p-value of 0.05 and 2 degrees of freedom, the critical value is 5.99. Our value of…
- 1. Fitness is most correctly a technical term. What does it mean? What two things do you suppose govern the rate of evolution by natural selection? Explain how the Darwanian evolution can decrease and increase the frequency of an allele( or a more complex heritable trait, for that matter).Please use and cite any source(s) you can find to answer the following questions:1. Define "homologous structures," and explain how they help support evolutionary theory.2. Darwin proposed natural selection as a mechanism for evolution. How is it similar to artificialselection? How is it different?3. For natural selection to work, there must be genetic variation within a population as well asmutations? Why must there be both?4. What is the difference between natural selection and sexual selection?What is the main factor that differentiates genetic drift from natural selection? 1. Genetic drift occurs due to human influence, while natural selection is natural. 2. Genetic drift is random, while natural selection is based on advantageous traits. 3. Genetic drift is a mechanism of evolution, while natural selection is not.