Derive the seven general property equation of the following thermodynamics processes: a. ISOMETRICPROCESS
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Heat Exchangers
Heat exchangers are the types of equipment that are primarily employed to transfer the thermal energy from one fluid to another, provided that one of the fluids should be at a higher thermal energy content than the other fluid.
Heat Exchanger
The heat exchanger is a combination of two words ''Heat'' and ''Exchanger''. It is a mechanical device that is used to exchange heat energy between two fluids.
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- The Antoine Equation can be used to estimate vapor pressure at various temperatures for different substances using sets of empirically-derived constants. The equation can be written as: Where for water A = 8.07131, B = 1730.63, C = 233.426, T = temperature [°C], and P = vapor pressure [mmHg]. Note that with these constants the temperature and pressure must be provided in °C and mmHg, respectively. Using the Antoine Equation and the provided constants, what atmospheric pressure (provided in terms of % of standard atmospheric pressure) will permit water to boil at 75 °C?Answers are expressed in Four Significan Digits. Show solution step by step. ThermodynamicsThe ideal gas law relates the pressure P, volume V, absolute temperature T (Kelvin), and amount of gas n. The law is P = mAT where R is the gas constant. An engineer must design a large natural gas storage tank to be expandable to maintain the pressure constant at 2.2 atmospheres. In December when the temperature is -15°C, the volume of gas in the tank is 28,500 ft°. What will the volume of the same quantity of gas be in July when the temperature is 31°C? (Hint: Use the fact that n, R, and P are constant in this problem. Note also that Kelvin = °C+273.2)
- FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS CONSERVATION OF ENERGY – OPEN SYSTEM Answer it in 1hr. show solution step by step please with specific UNITS.Oxygen (molar mass 32 kg/kmol ) expands reversibly in a cylinder behind a piston at a constant pressure of 3 bar. The volume initially is 0.0103 m3 and finally is 0.0347 m3; the initial temperature is 16.17 0C. Calculate the specific gas constant with the correct unit to two decimal places. Assume oxygen to be a perfect gas and take the specific heat at constant pressure as = 0 . 9 1 7 k J / k g K and molar gas constant as = 8,314 J / kmol KAs measured by NASA’s Viking landers, the atmosphereof Mars, where g ≈ 3.71 m/s 2 , is almost entirely carbondioxide, and the surface pressure averages 700 Pa. The temperatureis cold and drops off exponentially: T ≈ T o e - Cz ,where C = 1.3E-5 m - 1 and T o = 250 K. For example,at 20,000 m altitude, T ≈ 193 K. ( a ) Find an analyticformula for the variation of pressure with altitude.( b ) Find the altitude where pressure on Mars has droppedto 1 pascal.
- please help with this question, from thermodynamics A quantity of a certain perfect gas is compressed from an initial state of 0.084 m3, 1 bar to a final state of 0.034 m3, 3.7 bar. The specific heat at constant volume is 0.724 kJ/kg K, and the specific heat at constant pressure is 1.02 kJ/kg K. The observed temperature rise is 139 K. Calculate the increase of internal energy of the gas to two decimal places with the SI unit.Oxygen (molar mass 32 kg/kmol ) expands reversibly in a cylinder behind a piston at a constant pressure of 3 bar. The volume initially is 0.01 m3 and finally is 0.03 m3; the initial temperature is 16.57 0C. Calculate the mass of oxygen with the correct unit to four decimal places. Assume oxygen to be a perfect gas and take the specific heat at constant pressure as = 0 . 9 1 7 k J / k g K and molar gas constant as = 8,314 J / kmol KA piston-cylinder assembly contains 1kg of water, initially occupying a volume of 0.25mm^3 at3 bar. Energy transfer by heat to the water results in a process at constant pressure to a finalvolume of 0.6058m^3. You may assume that any kinetic and potential energy effects arenegligible.Question:(a) Sketch the process on a T-V diagram with all the features clearly labelled(b) Evaluate the work for the process(c) Evaluate the heat transfer
- I. Multiple Choice. Write the complete answer on the answer sheet (ex. 1. a. answer )1. The equation CP = CV + R applies to which of the following?a. Enthalpyb. Ideal gasc. Two phase statesd. All pure substance2. In the flow process, neglecting kinetic and potential energies, the integral of Vdprepresents what?a. Heat transferb. Flow energyc. Enthalpy changed. Shaft work3. Mechanical energy of pressure transformed into energy of heat.a. Kinetic energyb. Enthalpyc. Heat exchangerd. Heat of compression4. If the pressure of a gas is constant the volume is directly proportional to theabsolute temperature.a. Boyle’s lawb. Joule’s lawc. Charles’s lawd. Kelvin’s law5. Work energy can be a function of all the following except:a. Force and distance b. Power and timec. Force and timed. Temperature and entropySubject: Thermodynamics, student last digit is 5, thus p= 117, T1= 317, T2= 419The Helmholtz free energy of a liquid column that rises, due to surface tension, inside a capillary tube (Figure 1), as a function of the height, h, is given by: F(h) =(ro)gr^2h^2/2 = -2 pi sigma r h cos teta, where r is the radius of the tube, g is the local ac- celaration of gravity, is the surface tension of the liquid, and is the contact angle of the liquid in contact with the wall of the tube. (a) From this expression, obtain the value of h as a function of the other physical parameters at equilibrium.Calculate the height that water will rise in a capil-lary of diameter 0.05mm. Assume that the contactangle between the water and the tube is zero. Thesurface tension of water at experimental conditionsisσ= 7.73×10−2N/m, and the local accelarationof gravity isg= 9.7m/s2.