Describe how an individual’s genotype influences their chance of contracting malaria: which individual is more likely to get malaria- an individual with two HbA alleles or an individual with one HbA allele and one HbS allele? Why? Why do people with one HbS allele tend not to get malaria?
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- Which of the following is TRUE of the relationship between sickle cell anemia and malaria? Choose all that apply. Group of answer choices A person with malaria is more susceptible to sickle cell anemia. The sickle cell allele provides protection against malaria. In Boston, there is no advantage to the sickle cell allele. One would expect that if the frequency of malaria were to increase in an area, so would the frequency of sickle cell anemia.What is the cause of malaria? Why does the presence of sickle cell trait confer resistance to some types?Describe the effect of malaria on the frequency of the HbS allele in areas where malaria is common:In areas with malaria, which individual would survive better and leave more offspring- an individual with two HbA alleles or an individual with one HbA allele and one HbS allele? Given this, would you expect the HbS allele to be common or rare in populations living with malaria?
- Describe the life cycle of the blood fluke? How and why do the male and female blood fluke differ in their appearance? Why did someone refer to blood fluke as a good example of " family values"?An allele of the G6PD gene acts in a recessive manner to cause sensitivity to fava beans, resulting in ahemolytic reaction (lysis of red blood cells) afteringestion of the beans. The same allele also confersdominant resistance to malaria. The heterozygote hasan advantage in a region where malaria is prevalent.Will the equilibrium frequency (qe) be the same foran African and a North American country? Whatfactors affect qe?According to the recent malaria report of the Department of Health, Disease and Prevention Bureau (2022), there are 4, 251 confirmed cases of malaria in the Philippines and majority of the cases are due to Plasmodium falciparum. P. falciparum life cycle includes gametocytes that will aid the parasite to reproduce sexually in its anopheline vectors. Examine Figure 2 below. Provide three (3) qualitative descriptions of the P. falciparum gametocyte. Write your answers in a complete sentence. Fig. 2.. Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte in thin blood smear (CDC, 2022)
- What human genes are under selection for resistance to malaria?In a sex linked recessive disease, the frequency of the causative allele is 0.4. What is the genotype frequency among males? In addition, what is the genotype frequency of heterozygous female population?Even though genetically engineered mosquitoes might be developed that do not allow the reproduction of malaria protozoa, these mosquitoes would have little, if any, immediate effect on the spread of the disease. Why should this be so? What would have to happen for these mosquitoes to significantly affect the spread of malaria?
- Explain the High frequency of the sickle-cell allele HbβS in regions of Africa where malaria is prevalent?What is the most common genotype of those, in the above family, who have died from malaria?  A.) HBAHBA B.) HBAHBS C.) HBSHBSIn a population where the proportion of individuals who are suspects to malaria (genotype HbA/HbA) is 0.31, and the population is assumed to be at Hardy Weinberg equilibrium what proportion of the population should be heterozygous HbA/HbS?