Describe how mature messenger ribonucleic acids (MRNAS) are post-transcriptionally processed in the nucleus before they are transported to the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell.

Q: Describe the cis-acting elements that control tissuespecific transcription of eukaryotic…

A: The transcriptional machinery of eukaryotes consists of two regulatory components, namely the…

Q: How and why are eukaryotic mRNAs transported and localized to discrete regions of the cell?

A: DNA is the genetic material that houses the genetic information.

Q: Explain the process of pre-mRNA splicing in nuclear genes.

A: Pre-messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) splicing is essential process for the gene expression in…

Q: of hnRNA into mature mRNA incl

A: hnRNA can be defined as heterogeneous nuclear RNA. It also refers to the large pre‐mRNAs consisting…

Q: Discuss the roles of histones in eukaryotic transcription. How might histones inhibit transcription,…

A: Histones are proteins that gather and design the DNA of eukaryotic cell cores into units called…

Q: Discuss how the expression of a protein can be regulated post transcription in eukaryotic cells…

A: The eukaryotic cell after transcription called the primary transcript is not considered as messenger…

Q: Describe the role Ef-G-GTP has in elongation during translation.

A: The process of translating an mRNA strand into an amino acid sequence at the time of protein…

Q: Describe the process of transcription of mrna in an eukaryotes cell.

A: Gene expression is a process by which the genes are turned on to form RNA and proteins. This is seen…

Q: List five events other than transcription initiation thatcan affect the type or amount of active…

A: A eukaryotic cell contains a nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, and cytoplasm which are enclosed by…

Q: Explain how precursor mRNA is modified to produce mRNA.

A: The central dogma of molecular biology briefs that DNA has instructions to synthesise proteins which…

Q: Describe how prokaryotic gene expression occurs at the transcriptional level

A: Biology is the scientific approach to study life. All the living forms share certain key features…

Q: Diagram the regulatory regions of a typical eukaryotic promoter and how they interact to regulate…

A: Gene expression is the process through which information from a gene is used to create a functioning…

Q: Outline the three stages of transcription and the role of RNApolymerase in this process.

A: Transcription is a process of transcribing the template DNA into complementary mRNA sequence which…

Q: Explain the process of splicing,capping and tailing which occur during transcription ineukaryotes?

A: Transcription is a process by which m-RNA is formed from DNA sequence. The process of transcription…

Q: Explain what would happen during transcription if the following events took place: If the TATA…

A: Transcription: The process of copying of genetic information present in DNA to RNA with the help of…

Q: Describe the structural features of transcription activator and repressor proteins.

A: The process of transcription is considered a crucial process for the formation of proteins in a…

Q: Explain about transcription start site and an essential TATA box ?

A: Transcription is the mechanism by which the information of the DNA is copied into a new messenger…

Q: Describe the process of RNA splicing, including the roles of the spliceosome and self-splicing RNA…

A: RNA splicing is a form of RNA processing in which a newly made precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA)…

Q: Describe how eukaryotic mRNA molecules are processedand exported to the cytoplasm.

A: In eukaryotes, the strand of mRNA performs several processing procedures before it is exported out…

Q: What features do mature eukaryotic mRNA molecules have that bacterial mRNAs lack?

A: The process associated with the formation of mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) from DNA…

Q: Describe the cis-acting elements that control tissue-specific transcription of eukaryotic…

A: Step 1 Transcription is the formation of RNA (ribonucleic acid) over the template of DNA…

Q: Define the pre-mRNA & mRNA spliceforms of Cassette exons ?

A: Cassette exon splicing is also known as exon skipping and is the most prevalent form of alternative…

Q: post-transcriptional modifications that occur in mRNA and tRNA.

A:

Q: What is the function of a splicing factor? Explain how splicing factors can regulate the…

A: Splicing factor: It is the protein that helps in the removal of introns from newly formed mRNA. So…

Q: Describe the process of transcription in eukaryotes from the time the RNA polymerase binds to the…

A: The process of transcription in eukaryotes occurs in the nucleus of the cells and it includes the…

Q: Explain how eukaryotic mRNAs are modified to have a cap and a tail.

A: Biomolecules are the compounds that are necessary for different biological processes occurring in a…

Q: Explain how histone modifications affect transcription.

A: Histones are a family of basic proteins, which associate with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the…

Q: List and briefly explain. C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II function to ensure that the varoius…

A: RNA polymerase II is a multuprotein complex that transcribes DNA into precursors of messenger RNA…

Q: Identify some of the types of regulatory controls that operate in eukaryotes after mature mRNA is…

A: Gene expression in eukaryotes is regulated at several levels.

Q: How eukaryotic pre-mRNA transcripts are processed ?

A: Processing of eukaryotic mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) is responsible for formation of stable…

Q: Based on your knowledge of introns and pre-mRNA splicing, discuss whether or not you think…

A: Transcription is a process in which the nucleotide sequences of a gene are transcribed into the mRNA…

Q: Define the pre-mRNA & mRNA spliceforms of Mutuallyexclusive exons ?

A: A gene is the essential physical and functional unit of heredity. They are comprised of DNA…

Q: Explain how the pausing of the ribosome in the presence or absence of tryptophan affects the…

A: Tryptophan operon is an essential operon in bacteria such as Escherichia coli to synthesize the…

Q: Explain how a regulatory transcription factor exerts its effects via TFIID or mediator.

A: Transcription is a process in which the nucleotide sequences of a gene are transcribed into the mRNA…

Q: Discuss the three steps of Transcription (Initiation, Elongation, Termination).

A: The process of transcribing a piece of DNA(deoxyribose nucleic acid) into RNA(Ribose nucleic acid)…

Q: List the steps in the processing of a typical eukaryotic mRNA precursor to prepare it for its…

A: Primary transcripts are formed during transcription. This primary transcripts undergoes alterations…

Q: Describe the effects of intron phase on alternative splicing with diagram

A: Alternative splicing involves the removal of introns from the mRNA transcript as introns are the…

Q: Explain why histone eviction is needed for the elongation phase of transcription.

A: Introduction: Transcription is a process in which DNA codes are transcribed into RNA codes. In…

Q: Explain how general transcription factors and RNA polymerase assemble at the promoter and form an…

A: Introduction  Transcription is the process of formation of RNA transcript form the segment of DNA…

Q: Describe the organization of a protein-encoding gene and its mRNA transcript.

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a double stranded helical genetic material containing thousands of…

Q: Explain the different ways in which eukaryotic transcription elongation is controlled.

A: Transcription is the process, which results in the synthesis of mRNA.

Q: Define the importance of zip code in actin mRNA 3'-UTR ?

A: The zip codes lacks the similarity at the levels either the primary or the secondary structures.…

Q: Describe the major mechanisms that allow eukaryotic genes to have transcription states that range…

A: Transcription is the process of formation of a sequence of messenger RNA using DNA as a template and…

Q: Compare the roles of general transcription factors and transcriptional activator proteins.

A: Transcription is the process of translating info from one stranded DNA molecule to a new molecule of…

Q: Briefly explain how transcriptional activator and repressor proteins affect the level of…

A: Transcription is the first step in central dogma of protein synthesis. It involves formation of…

Q: Give an account of post transcriptional modification of a eukaryotic Mrna?

A: RNA stands for ribonucleic acid and it is a type of nucleic acid. Some of its important function…

Q: Discuss the advantages, in terms of protein structure and evolution, that result from alternative…

A: Alternate splicing allows a single gene to code for multiple proteins. The protein translated from…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.