Describe infection by Clostridium tetani and the effects oftetanus toxin. How does the mode of action of tetanus toxindiffer from that of alpha toxin produced by C. perfringens?

Q: What internal and external structures are useful to Neisseria Gonorrhoeae to infect it's hosts?…

A: Neisseria gonorrhoeae is an obligate human pathogen that causes mucosal surface infections of male…

Q: What is the etiologicalagent of visceralleishmaniasis? How is thedisease transmitted and whatare its…

A: Visceral leishmaniasis is caused by the protozoan species leishmaniasis donovani and leishmaniasis…

Q: Name the metabolic end products that can facilitate the spread ofstreptococci and initiate secondary…

A: Streptococci is a gram positive bacteria belongs from Streptococcaceae family which causes various…

Q: a. Describe the major group A streptococcal infections.b. Why is a “strep throat” a cause for…

A: Group A streptococci are represented by Streptococcus pyogenes. They cause a number of epidermal,…

Q: Describe the process of infection by Mycobacteriumtuberculosis. Does infection always lead to…

A: Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis in humans. The causative agent of this disease is a…

Q: What is the vector ofmalaria? How different is itsbehavior from the behavior ofthe vector of dengue…

A: Since you have posted multiple questions we solve the first question for you. To get the remaining…

Q: Discuss the major mechanism of pathogenesis fortetanus and define measures for prevention…

A: Pathogenicity represents a specialization in a certain microorganism to replicate and damage host…

Q: Identify the most common reservoir and vector forLyme disease in the United States. How can the…

A: The disease characterized by ticks and affects both animals and a human is defined as ‘Lyme…

Q: Describe how you will demonstrate the Koch's postulate in linking Buruli Ulcer to its causative…

A: Koch's postulates are criteria proposed by Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch that are used to establish…

Q: Compare and contrast the mode of action of tetanus and botulinum toxins.

A: Introduction The toxins are small peptide molecules that can cause disease after contact with the…

Q: Outline methods for prevention of Borrelia burgdorferi infection

A: Lyme disease is a vector-borne disease. It is mainly caused by Borrelia burgdorferi bacterium and…

Q: List the drugs commonly used to treat streptococcal infection, andexplain why combined drug therapy…

A: Streptococcal infection caused by group of bacteria called streptococcus bacteria. Streptococci are…

Q: What is the chain of infection for bollous myringitis?

A: Chain of infection is the counditions which should be met for an infection or disease to occur  It…

Q: Describe the evidence linking Helicobacter pylori togastric ulcers. How can these ulcers be cured?

A: Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that is responsible for causing gastric ulcers. Bacteria are…

Q: Compare the particular type of host cell that is critical for the initial establishment of an…

A: Cholera is an acute diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with Vibrio cholerae…

Q: What virulence factor, present in Streptococcuspneumoniae but absent from Salmonella enterica,…

A: A disease is a state of unhealthiness of the physical body, mind and social interaction. A disease…

Q: Explain two reasons why infection may occur withcancer

A: A tumor is an abnormal tissue mass that may be solid or fluid-filled lumps. A benign tumor does not…

Q: Describe the immunological response to chlamydiae.

A: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most common bacterial sexually transferred infection on the…

Q: Which animal is remained free from minamata disease in minamata bay japan?

A: The process of conversion of mercury to water-soluble Dimethyl mercury,  which undergoes with the…

Q: How is S. enterica, the causative agent of typhoidfever, transmitted? What are the stages of…

A: Typhoid or typhoid fever is caused by bacterium Salmonella enterica. Bacteria are unicellular and…

Q: Why might hospital patients be tested for nasal carriage of S. aureus?

A: The mechanism of Screening for the carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is…

Q: Outline the mechanism of action of diphtherotoxin, botulinum toxin,tetanus toxin, choleragen, and…

A: Bacterial toxins are virulence factors that alter host cell functioning and seize control of…

Q: Explain the cellular and molecular basis of the disease progeria.

A: Progeria--It is not a single but a group of symptoms ,so called as a syndrome . Also known as…

Q: What is the role of α-toxin in the pathogenesis of S. aureus?

A: Bacteria are a group of prokaryotic microscopic single celled organisms. They live in diverse…

Q: Compare the effect of tetanospasmin (tetanus toxin) with the effectof botulinum on muscles.

A: Muscles:                    In animals, soft tissues found known as muscles. Muscles cells contain…

Q: Recall the diseases attributable to infection with species in the genus Haemophilus, and identify…

A: Haemophilus is a genus  belonging to the family Pasteurellaceae. It is genus of Gram-negative,…

Q: Describe the pathology of Campylobacter food infection. Whatare the major vehicles for this…

A: Pathogenicity represents a specialization in a certain microorganism to replicate and damage host…

Q: Describe the life cycle, pathogenesis, and laboratory diagnosis of Ascaris lumbricoides.…

A: Ascaris lumbricoides is a member of phylum Aschelminthes. It is a parasitic worm which causes…

Q: Name the enzymes and toxins found in S. aureus, and explain theirrole in increasing the virulence of…

A: Staphylococcus aureus produces a number of biochemical that increase its ability to infect and cause…

Q: Describe the following in Corynebacterium diphtheriae infections  (a) Toxigenesis

A:

Q: Briefl y describe the nature of food infection in species of Vibrio and the diseases of…

A: The curviform bacteria are the gram negative bacteria that cause enteric diseases. They belong to…

Q: What are the most effective ways to prevent and control dengue? Differentiate Taenia Solium and…

A: Introduction The dengue virus causes dengue fever, a mosquito-borne tropical disease. Three to…

Q: Describe the microscopic morphology of a) Clostridium perfringes b) Clostridium tetani C)…

A: The microscopic studies can yield the morphological structures of cells as small as bacteria. By…

Q: Which drugs are typically used to treat H. Pylori infection and how should they be used together to…

A: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a kind of bacteria that lead to disease in the stomach. It is the…

Q: Explain the strategies used to combat malaria.

A: Parasitism is a type of relationship between two species where one species benefits at the expanse…

Q: Describe the unusual metabolism of Helicobacter spp. and explain how H. pylori can tolerate the…

A: Helicobacter: Helicobacter is a type of bacteria and belongs to the class epsilon proteobacteria  To…

Q: Compare the gastroenteritis caused by Vibrio cholerae with that of Campylobacter jejuni. How are…

A: Introduction: Microorganisms are broadly classified as Gram-negative and Gram-positive based on Gram…

Q: . How does C. trachomatis serotypes A–C cause trachoma? Describe how it is transmitted, and the way…

A: C. trachomatis exists as 15 serotypes namely A, B, Ba, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L1, L2 and L3.…

Q: are Large numbers of gram-negative rods in the blood primary or seondary type of infection? and what…

A: The bacteria are classified into Gram-positive and Gram-negative based on their cell wall structure.…

Q: a. Outline the epidemiology of the major wound infections and foodintoxications of Clostridium.b.…

A: Bacteria are unicellular, prokaryotic organisms which are devoid of membrane bound organelles and…

Q: What is black Sigatoka disease? Discuss and describe comprehensively. Be able to include the…

A: A disease is defined as the state of abnormal physiological functioning of an organism (either a…

Q: Describe malaria virulence

A: Virulence is a phenomenon in which a parasite has few factors present either inside the body or on…

Q: Describe the effects of Streptococcus pyogenes onconnective tissue in acute necrotizing fasciitis.

A: Acute necrotizing fasciitis- Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare infectious condition that causes…

Q: Distinguish between the mechanism of cytotoxinsand AB toxins, and provide one example of each.

A: Toxicity or pathogenicity refers to a creatures' capacity to cause sickness. At the point when…

Q: How do Koch’s postulates ensure that cause and effect of agiven disease are clearly differentiated?

A: Robot Koch was a famous microbiologist as he studied several bacterial diseases. His postulates…

Q: Explain strategies used to prevent and treat streptococcal infections.

A: Bacteria are a group of prokaryotic microscopic single celled organisms. They live in diverse…

Wound infections

A wound is damaged or breaks in the surface of the skin. The wound is divided into two types, they are acute wound that includes minor cuts, laceration, bites, etc, and chronic wounds that can become slow to heal including ulcers on the legs and feet. Redness, pain, and swelling are signs of a wound.