Describe the effects produced by an increase in cortisolsecretion. Starting with the hypothalamus, describe howstress or low blood glucose levels can stimulate cortisolrelease.

Q: Give the functions of adrenal and thyroxine.

A: The endocrine system is a chemical signaling system that uses blood vessels as information channels.…

Q: Describe the Metabolic changes in Diabetes Mellitus ?

A: Diabetes is not a single disease that result in high blood sugar level . It is characterized by…

Q: Indicate which of the hormones secreted by adrenal tissue are also known as:

A: The given question seems unclear and answer is provided regarding the hormones secreted by adrenal…

Q: Describe the actions of the hormone that the parathyroidglands secrete and its contribution to…

A: The parathyroid glands are small pea-sized glands located in the neck just behind the…

Q: Briefly explain the effect of a primary endocrine disorder on both the hypothalamus and the…

A: The hypothalamus-pituitary complex  is known as the command center of the endocrine  system. This…

Q: Describe the endocrine basis of SAD. Identify the affected hormone and explain how problems with…

A: Reduced sunlight can cause a drop in serotonin that may trigger depression. Melatonin levels. The…

Q: If an individual suffers type 2 diabetes due to glucagon mediated pancreatic beta cell loss…

A: If glucagon mediated Beta cell loss occurs, absolute deficiency of Insulin occurs. This leads to…

Q: Explain how insulin and glucagon work together to maintain the blood glucose level within the normal…

A: The normal blood glucose level in adult is 130-140 mg/dL. High blood glucose level of 300 and above…

Q: Explain why the body’s response to epinephrine in the presence of stress occurs more rapidly than…

A: There are three main stress hormones produced by our body - Epinephrine/ Adrenaline, Norepinephrine,…

Q: Describe the mechanisms and actions of the hormonessecreted by the adrenal medulla.

A: KEY WORDS:- Adrenal medulla - The adrenal medulla is made up of modified neurons of the sympathetic…

Q: Explain the nature and actions of the receptor proteins for insulin and the growth factors.

A: Hormones are chemical messengers and help in the growth and development of organisms. The different…

Q: Describe the mechanism of action of insulin and glucagon, and how they differ in relation to the…

A: Blood glucose level or blood glucose concentration can be described as the concentration or the…

Q: Summarize the major effects of increased plasma concentration of cortisol during stress?

A: Endocrine glands secrete the chemical messengers directly into the bloodstream.

Q: Define the term Cortisol?

A: Hormones are chemical messengers and help in the growth and development of organisms. The different…

Q: (b)Explain how you would interpret the graph with respect to these hormones Parathyroid hormone…

A: The endocrine system plays an important role in the growth and development of the body with the help…

Q: Outline the mechanisms underlying thyroid hormone action on metabolism and body temperature

A: Thyroid hormones are two hormones produced and released by the thyroid gland, namely…

Q: briefly describe some common disorders of pituitary,thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal function; and

A: When normal physical or mental functions disrupt because of any illness is known as a disorder.  A…

Q: List the hormones produced by the adrenal glands, and indicate whether theyare produced by the…

A: Adrenal gland: It is found on the head(anterior most part) of both the kidneys. Adrenal gland is…

Q: What is the physiological explanation for the negative effects of prolonged stress on health? Talk…

A: Stress is the body's reaction to any change that requires an immediate adjustment or response. The…

Q: List the hormones produced by the pancreas and adrenal glands,and provide a brief description of the…

A: Adrenal glands:  The adrenal glands are endocrine glands that produce a number of hormones. A pair…

Q: Define about Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) ?

A: Hormones are non-nutrient chemicals that are produced and released to bring out a specific…

Q: List the effects of increased Plasma Cortisol Concentration on organic metabolism?

A: Cortisol Concentration: The cortisol is the significant glucocorticoid chemical harmone created by…

Q: a) Explain with respect to specific hormones, the changes in glucose concentration in EACH of the…

A: The body requires a continuous supply of glucose but we do not eat continuously. The body has…

Q: Describe the components of the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenocortical axis, and explain how it…

A: The hormones are known to be the biological regulators of the body. They have secreted from the…

Q: Diagram control of cortisol secretion.

A: Cortisol is a glucocorticoid produced and secreted by adrenal glands. It is a steroid hormone…

Q: Explain the relation between Hypothalamus, Pituitary gland, and Thyroid and the hormones released by…

A: Endocrine glands are ductless that secrete the chemicals called hormones.

Q: (b)Explain how you would interpret the graph with respect to these hormones Parathyroid hormone…

A: The parathyroid gland is one of 4 endocrine glands present in the neck. It is situated on the…

Q: Give a general description of the endocrine system and explain briefly its primary responsibilities…

A: Introduction :- The endocrine system is a messenger system that regulates distant target organs…

Q: Explain the role of ACTH in the regulation of the adrenalcortex hormones

A: The chemical coordination in the animals takes place by endocrine glands. The secretion from these…

Q: The level of cortisol is estimated using:

A: Cortisol: It is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Whenever anyone experience…

Q: Briefly explain MoA of non-steroid hormones.

A: Introduction Hormones Are Molecules That Specialised Glands Synthesize And Generate To Govern And…

Q: Identify the hormone if hypothalamic, anterior pituitary, posterior pituitary, or peripheral

A: Hypothalamic Hormones ( synthesized by hypothalamus, stored in posterior pituitary) :- ADH Oxytocin…

Q: Which of the following shows the order of release of hormones in the HPA axis when experiencing a…

A: The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis is a complex collection of direct impacts and feedback…

Q: Describe the interactions of adrenal medullary and cortical hormones in response to stress (Cannon's…

A: Hormones of adrenal cortex especially cortisol responsible for long term stress however hormones of…

Q: Discuss the normal anatomy, physiology, and related functions of the adrenal glands, including…

A: A hormone is a chemical messenger that is secreted or released into the blood by a specific organ…

Q: List and describe the chief effects of anterior pituitary hormones.

A: The pituitary gland is a tiny endocrine gland that sits in the sella turcica which is a bony hollow…

Q: Explain the three most common types of endocrine pathologies. Make sure you clearly - identify…

A: Diabetes mellitus (low pancreatic insulin release is observed in such case) acromegaly…

Q: A patient displays symptoms of excess cortisol secretion. What factors could be measured in a blood…

A: The stress hormone cortisol causes an elevation of blood glucose concentration.  It stimulates the…

Q: Explain how diagnostic tests could distinguish a pituitaryCushing’s syndrome from an adrenal…

A: Cushing syndrome is defined as increased serum cortisol level in the body which does not display any…

Q: Name three target organs of parathyroid hormone.

A: Hormones are chemical messengers that travel from the bloodstream to target organs or tissues and…

Q: For each statement describing hormonal effects, identify the hormone(s) involved by choosing a…

A: Key A s.no. Key B   Basal metabolic harmone 22 (T4 ,T3) 1 L (thyroid gland)   Programming of T…

Q: Discuss the interaction and functions of the Hypothalamic and Anterior Pituitary Hormones.

A: Hypothalamus is a small region in brain which is located at the base of the brain near the pituitary…

Q: What are the primary target organs/tissues of cortisol? Describe the effect on each.

A: Adrenal cortex causes the release of cortisol by hypothalamic regulations. It also releases…

Q: is associated with higher levels of cortisol hormone hyperparathyroid disorder adrenogenitol…

A: Cortisol production can be increased or decreased in both hypo and hyper thyroid states, depending…

Q: Describe the “adrenaline rush” pathway during short-term stress. Identify the hormones produced by…

A: An adrenaline surge is one of the body's essential protection systems. A distressing circumstance…

Q: Differentiate gestational diabetes from type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus

A: Introduction:-Diabetes mellitus, a disease in which the body ability to produce or response to the…