Differential Hox gene expression along the anterior-posterior axis in the trunk sets up a prepattern of tissue identities that includes the limb field location, but what mechanisms are then triggered to initiate limb bud formation?
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Differential Hox gene expression along the anterior-posterior axis in the trunk sets up a prepattern of tissue identities that includes the limb field location, but what mechanisms are then triggered to initiate limb bud formation?
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- Describe the dorsolateral and ventrolateral migration of trunk neural crest cells. Provide details as to the timing of the migration, pathways taken, eventual fate, and location of the neural crest cells that follow each pathway or portion of the pathways. Include a simple drawing that depicts both pathways .What are morphogens? Explain how they influence tissue patterning during embryonic development. Describe TWO specific examples to support your explanation.Consider the structures neighboring each of the progenitor domains within the somite. How might they influence the development of sclerotomal or dermomyotomal cells?
- Ectodermal Derivatives of the 10 mm Pig Embryo QUESTIONS: State the neuromere origin of each brain region?Describe the effects of FGF and RA on each other in limb bud development. Give a specific example of their effects on each other in this capacity. Knowing this, propose a question/hypothesis to investigate the mechanism of how a specific morphogen controls pattern if you know that the morphogen is both necessary and sufficient AND is expressed in the correct spatial/temporal frame.“In the early Drosophila embryo, the establishment of different body regionor tissues along, on the one hand, the anteroposterior axis and, on theother, the dorsoventral axis are initiated by clues provided by the egg’smother; however the nature of those signals and the way in which theyoperate is completely different”. Discuss whether this statement is correct.
- What is the role of RhoA gene in the development of the Neural crest and neural connectivity?As shown in Figure 13-26, the Sonic hedgehog gene is expressed in many places in a developing chicken. Is theidentical Sonic hedgehog protein expressed in each tissue? If so, how do the tissues develop into different structures? If not, how are different Sonic hedgehog proteinsproduced?Define senescence. How would you measure senescence? compare andcontrast the two basic theories on why senescence persists. For each, include assumptions,predictions, data and conclusions. What evidence/conclusions can be applied from the casestudy in life-history evolution on Virginia Opossums?
- How is information in the Mc1R gene used in a melanocyte to produce the melanocortin receptor (Mc1R) protein?Describe the events that lead to slow and fast blocks to polyspermy and the differences between the "wave of depolarization" that passes over the egg and the "action potential" that propagates along a neuron.What are the molecular mechanisms that can decide which neural crest cells come to express these signals at the correct time and in the correct form of presentation?